The role of intrinsically disordered regions of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid and non-structural protein 1 proteins.

IF 3.8 3区化学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Frontiers in Chemistry Pub Date : 2025-06-11 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fchem.2025.1597656

Getasew Shitaye, Nataliia Ventserova, Gianluca D'Abrosca, Martina Dragone, Eunice Wairimu Maina, Roberto Fattorusso, Rosa Iacovino, Luigi Russo, Carla Isernia, Gaetano Malgieri

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Virus survival inside the host cell depends on the intricate mechanisms that recruit proteins involved in the arms race. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) proteome exhibits important levels of structural order. However, some of the SARS-CoV-2 proteins, such as the Nucleocapsid (N) and Non-structural protein 1 (Nsp1), contain a considerably significant amount of intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) that play indispensable roles in the intra-viral and virus-host interaction. Here, focusing on proteins that contain a relevant percentage of IDRs, we discuss experimental and computational studies sought to support IDRs as a key player in the interplay with ordered domains, the biological role as potential origin for variants of SARS-CoV-2, and their association with virus transmissibility. Furthermore, we also highlight the potential involvement of IDRs in the viral-host protein interaction and host cellular machinery. Thus, shading lights on the dark proteome of the virus and looking for therapeutic approaches beyond the classic structure-function paradigm may contribute to the efforts sparking the quest for therapeutics.

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SARS-CoV-2核衣壳和非结构蛋白1内在无序区域的作用。

病毒在宿主细胞内的存活依赖于招募参与军备竞赛的蛋白质的复杂机制。严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒-2 （SARS-CoV-2）蛋白质组显示出重要的结构顺序水平。然而，一些SARS-CoV-2蛋白，如核衣壳(N)和非结构蛋白1 (Nsp1)，含有相当数量的内在无序区（idr），这些区域在病毒内和病毒-宿主相互作用中起着不可或缺的作用。本文以含有相关比例idr的蛋白质为重点，讨论了实验和计算研究，旨在支持idr在与有序结构域的相互作用中发挥关键作用，作为SARS-CoV-2变体的潜在起源的生物学作用，以及它们与病毒传播性的关联。此外，我们还强调了IDRs在病毒-宿主蛋白相互作用和宿主细胞机制中的潜在参与。因此，在病毒的黑暗蛋白质组上遮光，寻找超越经典结构-功能范式的治疗方法，可能有助于激发对治疗方法的探索。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Frontiers in Chemistry Chemistry-General Chemistry

CiteScore

8.50

自引率

3.60%

发文量

1540

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： Frontiers in Chemistry is a high visiblity and quality journal, publishing rigorously peer-reviewed research across the chemical sciences. Field Chief Editor Steve Suib at the University of Connecticut is supported by an outstanding Editorial Board of international researchers. This multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to academics, industry leaders and the public worldwide. Chemistry is a branch of science that is linked to all other main fields of research. The omnipresence of Chemistry is apparent in our everyday lives from the electronic devices that we all use to communicate, to foods we eat, to our health and well-being, to the different forms of energy that we use. While there are many subtopics and specialties of Chemistry, the fundamental link in all these areas is how atoms, ions, and molecules come together and come apart in what some have come to call the “dance of life”. All specialty sections of Frontiers in Chemistry are open-access with the goal of publishing outstanding research publications, review articles, commentaries, and ideas about various aspects of Chemistry. The past forms of publication often have specific subdisciplines, most commonly of analytical, inorganic, organic and physical chemistries, but these days those lines and boxes are quite blurry and the silos of those disciplines appear to be eroding. Chemistry is important to both fundamental and applied areas of research and manufacturing, and indeed the outlines of academic versus industrial research are also often artificial. Collaborative research across all specialty areas of Chemistry is highly encouraged and supported as we move forward. These are exciting times and the field of Chemistry is an important and significant contributor to our collective knowledge.