Effective removal of naphthalene from water using bacteria and bacteria-load carrier materials.

IF 3.8 3区 化学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Frontiers in Chemistry Pub Date : 2025-06-11 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fchem.2025.1597470
Kui Liu, Wen-Chieh Cheng, Yi-Xin Xie, Lin Wang, Zhong-Fei Xue, Bowen Yang, Hao Zhang, Jia Min, Miao Yao
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Abstract

The volatilization of naphthalene unavoidably poses significant risks to health, the environment, and safety. Traditional remediation approaches have been criticized for their inefficiency in removing naphthalene and transforming its toxicity. This study proposed a bacteria-loaded carrier material and evaluated its degradation efficiency compared to that of free bacteria. High concentrations made it more challenging for Microbacterium paraoxydans (ms) to achieve effective degradation of naphthalene. Additionally, the degradation process was not timely, thereby exacerbating the risks associated with the volatilization of naphthalene. Three carrier materials-activated carbon (AC), calcium alginate (CA), and composite gel beads (CO)-were evaluated for their adsorption, biocompatibility, and thermal stability. CO's adsorption of naphthalene occurred mainly through chemisorption, with π-π conjugation and Ca-π interaction enhancing the adsorption process. The adsorption peaks did not exhibit any shifts after the involvement of bacteria, indicating the best biocompatibility among the carrier materials, despite having the second lowest total weight loss (CA > CO > AC) during the heating process. The salicylic acid pathway and the phthalic acid pathway were involved in the degradation of naphthalene. No signs of naphthalene were seen in the samples from confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) tests, indicating that ms fully degraded naphthalene after its adsorption. While ms degraded naphthalene on day 4 for 50 mg/L and 100 mg/L concentrations, 31.2 mg/L remained for the 200 mg/L concentration. In contrast, ms-loaded CO degraded most of the naphthalene on day 1, with only 2.8 mg/L remaining from the initial 200 mg/L concentration. This study underscored the relative merits of applying ms-loaded CO to the degradation of naphthalene.

利用细菌和细菌负载载体材料有效去除水中的萘。
萘的挥发不可避免地对健康、环境和安全构成重大风险。传统的修复方法因其在去除萘和转化其毒性方面效率低下而受到批评。本研究提出了一种细菌负载的载体材料,并比较了其与游离细菌的降解效率。高浓度使副氧微杆菌(ms)更难实现对萘的有效降解。此外,降解过程不及时,从而加剧了与萘挥发有关的风险。对活性炭(AC)、海藻酸钙(CA)和复合凝胶珠(CO)三种载体材料的吸附性能、生物相容性和热稳定性进行了评价。CO对萘的吸附主要通过化学吸附进行,π-π共轭和Ca-π相互作用增强了吸附过程。尽管在加热过程中总重量损失(CA > CO > AC)第二低,但在细菌参与后,吸附峰没有发生任何变化,表明载体材料之间的生物相容性最好。萘的降解主要通过水杨酸途径和邻苯二甲酸途径进行。共聚焦激光扫描显微镜(CLSM)检测样品中未见萘的迹象,表明ms吸附后完全降解了萘。当浓度为50 mg/L和100 mg/L时,ms在第4天降解萘,当浓度为200 mg/L时,ms仍能降解31.2 mg/L。相比之下,ms负载的CO在第1天降解了大部分萘,初始浓度为200 mg/L,仅剩下2.8 mg/L。该研究强调了应用ms负载CO降解萘的相对优点。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Frontiers in Chemistry
Frontiers in Chemistry Chemistry-General Chemistry
CiteScore
8.50
自引率
3.60%
发文量
1540
审稿时长
12 weeks
期刊介绍: Frontiers in Chemistry is a high visiblity and quality journal, publishing rigorously peer-reviewed research across the chemical sciences. Field Chief Editor Steve Suib at the University of Connecticut is supported by an outstanding Editorial Board of international researchers. This multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to academics, industry leaders and the public worldwide. Chemistry is a branch of science that is linked to all other main fields of research. The omnipresence of Chemistry is apparent in our everyday lives from the electronic devices that we all use to communicate, to foods we eat, to our health and well-being, to the different forms of energy that we use. While there are many subtopics and specialties of Chemistry, the fundamental link in all these areas is how atoms, ions, and molecules come together and come apart in what some have come to call the “dance of life”. All specialty sections of Frontiers in Chemistry are open-access with the goal of publishing outstanding research publications, review articles, commentaries, and ideas about various aspects of Chemistry. The past forms of publication often have specific subdisciplines, most commonly of analytical, inorganic, organic and physical chemistries, but these days those lines and boxes are quite blurry and the silos of those disciplines appear to be eroding. Chemistry is important to both fundamental and applied areas of research and manufacturing, and indeed the outlines of academic versus industrial research are also often artificial. Collaborative research across all specialty areas of Chemistry is highly encouraged and supported as we move forward. These are exciting times and the field of Chemistry is an important and significant contributor to our collective knowledge.
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