Tracheal collapse rates in Kenyan working cart and pack donkeys.

IF 2.4 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES
Martha Mellish, Jennifer Burns, Yvonne Elce, Jason W Stull
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Donkeys (Equus asinus) in East Africa are recognised as working with poorly designed harnesses and carts. The donkey cart used in regions of Africa, specifically Meru County, Kenya, appears to place the cart's weight solely on the donkey's mid-cervical region. The ventral area of the neck is vulnerable to external pressure on the trachea, which is superficially located.

Objectives: To compare the presence and severity of endoscopic abnormalities in the upper airway and trachea of Meru County working cart donkeys compared to pack donkeys. To determine associations between endoscopic and physical evidence of harness injury.

Study design: Cross-sectional.

Methods: At voluntary health clinics, physical examination and endoscopy of the upper airway and trachea were evaluated and recorded at rest on 66 donkeys (38 cart donkeys and 28 pack donkeys). The presence and grade of tracheal collapse, tracheal ring abnormalities, tracheal mucus, and pharyngitis were subsequently determined on the endoscopy recordings by blinded evaluators.

Results: Significant associations were identified between work type and tracheal collapse severity, ring abnormalities, pharyngitis, hairless skin, and thickened skin, with these findings more common in cart than pack donkeys (all p < 0.03). Moderate tracheal collapse (grade 3) was present in 40% (95% CI: 24%-57%) of cart and 0% (0%-12%) of pack donkeys. Intra-tracheal ring abnormalities were noted in 45% (29%-62%) of cart and 0% (0%-12%) of pack donkeys. Physical examination findings were significantly and positively associated with endoscopy findings (all p < 0.002).

Main limitations: Standing endoscopy was performed at rest and dynamic endoscopy during the pulling of carts was not performed.

Conclusion: Moderate tracheal collapse was seen in cart donkeys when compared to pack donkeys. Physical examination findings at rest were associated with and moderately predictive of tracheal collapse.

肯尼亚搬运车和驮驴的气管衰竭率。
背景:驴(Equus asinus)在东非被认为是设计不良的挽具和推车。在非洲地区使用的驴车,特别是肯尼亚的梅鲁县,似乎把车的重量完全放在驴的颈部中部。颈部的腹侧区域很容易受到气管的外部压力,气管位于表面。目的:比较梅鲁县驮驴与驮驴上气道和气管内窥镜异常的存在和严重程度。确定内窥镜和安全带损伤的物理证据之间的关系。研究设计:横断面。方法:在自愿诊所对66头驴(38头推车驴和28头驮驴)进行休息时的体格检查和上呼吸道和气管内窥镜检查并进行记录。随后由盲法评估者根据内窥镜记录确定气管塌陷、气管环异常、气管粘液和咽炎的存在和级别。结果:工作类型与气管塌陷严重程度、环异常、咽炎、皮肤无毛和皮肤增厚之间存在显著关联,这些发现在推车中比在驮驴中更常见(均为p)。主要局限性:静止时进行站立内窥镜检查,在拉车时未进行动态内窥镜检查。结论:与驮驴相比,运货驴出现中度气管塌陷。静息时的体格检查结果与气管塌陷相关,并可适度预测其发生。
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来源期刊
Equine Veterinary Journal
Equine Veterinary Journal 农林科学-兽医学
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
13.60%
发文量
161
审稿时长
6-16 weeks
期刊介绍: Equine Veterinary Journal publishes evidence to improve clinical practice or expand scientific knowledge underpinning equine veterinary medicine. This unrivalled international scientific journal is published 6 times per year, containing peer-reviewed articles with original and potentially important findings. Contributions are received from sources worldwide.
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