Targeted Drug Delivery with Nanosponges and Nanocrystals: Innovations, Formulation Strategies, and Applications.

Abstract

The neoteric advancement in nanotechnology accompanied the development of targeted drug delivery system. The utmost muddle facing the investigators is targeted drug delivery to specific sites. The unfolding of a new nanoparticle carrier called nanosponges should label these problems. The finding out of nanosponges has become a significant step in overcoming certain problems essentially as drug toxicity; impoverish drug's availability and release of drug in a foreseeable fashion as they can take in both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drug. Nanosponges constitute a porous structure in nature that has the sole ability to entrap the drug moieties and offers merit of desired release. Nanosponges are mini sponges that can circulate in the body to make it to the specific site and cohere on the surface to release the drug in a controlled and predictable manner. Similarly, afresh invented medications have been come across to poorly water-soluble drug, which may be applicable in resolving the solubility problem by nanocrystallization via nanocrystals. This review will cover nanosponges and nanocrystals, as well as the diverse methodologies employed in their formulation, characterization, and their applications. The study also throws light on medically authorized nanosponges and nanocrystals, including those already developed that can elicit a significant outcome helpful in clinical studies as well as used by various research workers for their upcoming studies.