Stronger transgenerational plasticity in clonal compared to sexual offspring of Fragaria vesca: effects of drought, elevated temperature and CO2.

IF 3.6 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES
Iris Sammarco, Zofia Szlachtowska, Gerson Beltrán-Torres, Zuzana Münzbergová, Vít Latzel
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Abstract

Background and aims: Climate change threatens plant species, potentially exceeding their adaptive capacities. Plants may adapt to rapid environmental changes through transgenerational plasticity (TGP), where adaptive traits are passed to their offspring via proteins, hormones, and epigenetic modifications like DNA methylation. The extent of TGP and its ecological implications may differ between sexual and clonal reproductive modes due to differences in the inheritance of DNA methylation and provisioning. However, it remains unclear whether TGP differs between these reproductive modes and the role of DNA methylation. Addressing this gap is crucial, as higher TGP in clonal propagation could compensate for low genetic variation and help these plants in adapting to rapid environmental changes.

Methods: We assessed the adaptive potential of woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca), a widely distributed herb with both clonal and sexual reproduction, in response to environmental conditions expected by the end of the 21st century: a temperature rise of 4 °C, a 400 ppm rise in atmospheric CO2, and periodic droughts. We quantified ecologically relevant phenotypic traits and examined whole-genome DNA methylation patterns in parents and their clonal and sexual offspring.

Key results: We found evidence for TGP induced by the parental environment, with a stronger overall effect observed in clonal compared to sexual offspring. Specifically, parental exposure to current temperature and CO2 conditions prompted adaptive TGP, particularly in clonal offspring. Additionally, adaptive TGP was observed exclusively in clonal offspring in response to a combination of elevated parental temperature and drought conditions. Finally, we found a higher inheritance of DNA methylation marks in clonal than sexual offspring.

Conclusions: These results suggest that while TGP via DNA methylation can influence clonal plant adaptation to future conditions, it remains uncertain whether this influence will consistently result in adaptive outcomes. Moreover, TGP would likely be more important in clonal than sexual reproduction.

干旱、高温和CO2的影响下,无性系比有性后代具有更强的跨代可塑性。
背景与目的:气候变化威胁着植物物种,可能超出它们的适应能力。植物可能通过跨代可塑性(TGP)来适应快速的环境变化,其中适应性性状通过蛋白质、激素和表观遗传修饰(如DNA甲基化)传递给后代。由于DNA甲基化和供给的遗传差异,TGP的程度及其生态意义可能在有性生殖模式和无性系生殖模式之间存在差异。然而,目前尚不清楚TGP是否在这些生殖模式和DNA甲基化的作用之间有所不同。解决这一差距至关重要,因为克隆繁殖中较高的TGP可以弥补低遗传变异,并帮助这些植物适应快速的环境变化。方法:我们评估了林地草莓(Fragaria vesca)的适应潜力,这是一种广泛分布的无性系和有性繁殖草本植物,以应对21世纪末预计的环境条件:气温上升4°C,大气CO2上升400 ppm,周期性干旱。我们量化了生态相关的表型性状,并检测了父母及其克隆和有性后代的全基因组DNA甲基化模式。关键结果:我们发现了TGP由亲本环境诱导的证据,与有性后代相比,在无性系中观察到更强的总体效应。具体来说,亲代暴露于当前温度和CO2条件下会促进适应性TGP,特别是在无性系后代中。此外,仅在无性系后代中观察到对亲本温度升高和干旱条件组合的适应性TGP。最后,我们发现DNA甲基化标记在无性系后代中的遗传高于有性后代。结论:这些结果表明,虽然TGP通过DNA甲基化可以影响克隆植物对未来条件的适应,但这种影响是否会持续导致适应性结果仍不确定。此外,TGP在无性生殖中可能比有性生殖更重要。
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来源期刊
Annals of botany
Annals of botany 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
7.90
自引率
4.80%
发文量
138
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Annals of Botany is an international plant science journal publishing novel and rigorous research in all areas of plant science. It is published monthly in both electronic and printed forms with at least two extra issues each year that focus on a particular theme in plant biology. The Journal is managed by the Annals of Botany Company, a not-for-profit educational charity established to promote plant science worldwide. The Journal publishes original research papers, invited and submitted review articles, ''Research in Context'' expanding on original work, ''Botanical Briefings'' as short overviews of important topics, and ''Viewpoints'' giving opinions. All papers in each issue are summarized briefly in Content Snapshots , there are topical news items in the Plant Cuttings section and Book Reviews . A rigorous review process ensures that readers are exposed to genuine and novel advances across a wide spectrum of botanical knowledge. All papers aim to advance knowledge and make a difference to our understanding of plant science.
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