Functional Requirement of Niacinamide for Blood Profiles, Antioxidant Status, and Intestinal Health in Finishing Pigs Fed a Low-Protein Diet.

IF 2.7 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animals Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI:10.3390/ani15121813

Yan Zhao, Fangli Tang, Yunlong Shi, Qinyu Tan, Qingxin Ju, Ziyi Yang, Guanqing Yang, Pengfei Gao, Sung Woo Kim, Lin Xi, Guoqing Cao, Bugao Li

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Abstract

This study investigated the effects of dietary niacinamide supplementation on blood parameters, antioxidant status, and intestinal health in finishing pigs fed low-protein diets. Sixty-four pigs (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire; 80.4 ± 0.1 kg) were randomly allocated to four dietary treatments supplemented with 30 (NAM30), 130 (NAM130), 230 (NAM230), and 330 (NAM330) mg/kg niacinamide for 30 days. Each treatment had four replicate pens and four pigs per pen. Growth performance was not significantly affected. However, the NAM130 group showed higher (p < 0.05) hemoglobin levels, reduced (p < 0.05) serum malondialdehyde and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) concentrations, and altered intestinal microbiota composition, including lower Streptococcus abundance (p < 0.05). Serum alanine aminotransferase levels increased quadratically (p < 0.05) with niacinamide supplementation, with a breakpoint at approximately 221 mg/kg. These results suggest that dietary supplementation with 130 mg/kg niacinamide improves antioxidant status, modulates inflammation, and supports intestinal microbial balance, with a safety threshold to avoid hepatic stress.

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低蛋白饲粮对育肥猪血液、抗氧化状态和肠道健康的烟酰胺功能需求

本研究旨在研究饲粮中添加烟酰胺对低蛋白饲粮育肥猪血液参数、抗氧化状态和肠道健康的影响。64头猪(杜洛克×长白×约克郡；体重为80.4±0.1 kg，随机分为添加30 （NAM30）、130 （NAM130）、230 （NAM230）和330 (NAM330) mg/kg烟酰胺的4个饲粮处理，为期30 d。每个处理设4个重复栏，每个栏4头猪。生长性能未受显著影响。然而，NAM130组血红蛋白水平升高（p < 0.05），血清丙二醛和白细胞介素-1β (IL-1β)浓度降低（p < 0.05），肠道菌群组成发生改变，包括链球菌丰度降低（p < 0.05）。添加烟酰胺后血清丙氨酸转氨酶水平呈二次增长（p < 0.05），断点约为221 mg/kg。上述结果表明，饲粮中添加130 mg/kg烟酰胺可改善抗氧化状态，调节炎症，支持肠道微生物平衡，并具有避免肝脏应激的安全阈值。

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来源期刊

Animals Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Animal Science and Zoology

CiteScore

4.90

自引率

16.70%

发文量

3015

审稿时长

20.52 days

期刊介绍： Animals (ISSN 2076-2615) is an international and interdisciplinary scholarly open access journal. It publishes original research articles, reviews, communications, and short notes that are relevant to any field of study that involves animals, including zoology, ethnozoology, animal science, animal ethics and animal welfare. However, preference will be given to those articles that provide an understanding of animals within a larger context (i.e., the animals'' interactions with the outside world, including humans). There is no restriction on the length of the papers. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical research in as much detail as possible. Full experimental details and/or method of study, must be provided for research articles. Articles submitted that involve subjecting animals to unnecessary pain or suffering will not be accepted, and all articles must be submitted with the necessary ethical approval (please refer to the Ethical Guidelines for more information).