Effect of Thermodynamic Cyclic Loading on Screw Loosening of Tightened Versus New Abutment Screw in Bone Level and Tissue Level Implants in DIO Implant Company (In-Vitro Study)

IF 2.2 Q3 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research Pub Date : 2025-06-27 DOI:10.1002/cre2.70162

Amirhossein Fathi, Sina Borhani, Sepideh Salehi, Ramin Mosharraf, Ramin Atash

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives

The loosening of abutment screws is a common mechanical complication in dental implants, potentially leading to treatment failure. It is generally believed that dynamic forces may accelerate and facilitate screw loosening. Two approaches exist to address this issue: replacing the screw or re-tightening the existing one. However, there is no consensus on the efficacy of either method in preventing re-loosening.

Material and Methods

In this laboratory study, 20 implant-abutment sets with a diameter of 4.5 mm were randomly placed in resin blocks simulating bone tissue. The samples were tightened with a torque of 30 N cm and subjected to 10,000 dynamic cycles in a thermocycler device at temperatures ranging from 5°C to 55°C because it is the usual temperature of the mouth while drinking or eating cold and hot things. After dynamic cycling, the torque required to unscrew the abutment screws was measured using a digital torque meter, and the torque reduction in both groups was calculated.

Results

The results showed a significant reduction in the torque of abutment screws in both implant types after dynamic loading. Additionally, tissue-level implants experienced greater loosening than Bone-level implants, requiring less force to unscrew the abutment in the Tissue-level group. New screws showed less torque reduction compared to previously tightened screws. Opening torque scores in the new bone-level implants after applying the primary thermodynamic cycle (26.7 N cm) were more than in the new tissue-level implants (24.7 N cm). The torque reduction percentage values of the implant after the primary thermodynamic cycle were significantly higher in the tissue-level (17.67 N cm) group than in the bone-level (11 N cm) group.

Conclusions

Overall, dynamic loading can cause loosening of abutment screws in dental implants, with Tissue level implants being more susceptible. It is recommended to periodically replace screws with new ones to prevent torque reduction and related complications.

Abstract Image

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热力循环载荷对DIO公司骨水平和组织水平种植体拧紧与新安装基牙螺钉松动的影响（体外研究）

目的基牙螺钉松动是种植牙常见的机械并发症，可能导致治疗失败。一般认为，动力可能加速和促进螺丝松动。有两种方法可以解决这个问题：更换螺钉或重新拧紧现有的螺钉。然而，对于这两种方法在防止再松脱方面的有效性，尚无共识。材料与方法在本实验室研究中，将20个直径为4.5 mm的种植基牙套随机放置在模拟骨组织的树脂块中。在温度范围为5°C至55°C的热循环装置中，以30 N cm的扭矩拧紧样品，并进行10,000次动态循环，因为这是饮用或吃冷或热的东西时通常的口腔温度。动态循环后，使用数字扭矩计测量旋开基牙螺钉所需的扭矩，计算两组的减矩量。结果动态加载后两种种植体的基牙螺钉的扭矩均有明显降低。此外，组织水平种植体比骨水平种植体更容易松动，在组织水平组中需要更少的力来拧开基台。与先前拧紧的螺钉相比，新螺钉显示出更少的扭矩减少。应用初级热动力循环（26.7 N cm）后，新骨水平种植体的开启扭矩评分高于新组织水平种植体（24.7 N cm）。组织水平组（17.67 N cm）与骨水平组（11 N cm）相比，首次热力学循环后种植体的扭矩减少百分比值显著高于组织水平组（17.67 N cm）。结论动态载荷可引起种植体基牙螺钉松动，其中组织水平种植体更容易发生松动。建议定期更换新螺钉，以防止扭矩降低及相关并发症的发生。

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来源期刊

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE-

CiteScore

3.30

自引率

5.60%

发文量

165

审稿时长

26 weeks

期刊介绍： Clinical and Experimental Dental Research aims to provide open access peer-reviewed publications of high scientific quality representing original clinical, diagnostic or experimental work within all disciplines and fields of oral medicine and dentistry. The scope of Clinical and Experimental Dental Research comprises original research material on the anatomy, physiology and pathology of oro-facial, oro-pharyngeal and maxillofacial tissues, and functions and dysfunctions within the stomatognathic system, and the epidemiology, aetiology, prevention, diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of diseases and conditions that have an effect on the homeostasis of the mouth, jaws, and closely associated structures, as well as the healing and regeneration and the clinical aspects of replacement of hard and soft tissues with biomaterials, and the rehabilitation of stomatognathic functions. Studies that bring new knowledge on how to advance health on the individual or public health levels, including interactions between oral and general health and ill-health are welcome.