Responses of the Ionospheric Zonal Currents From Equator to Middle Latitudes During the Intense Geomagnetic Storm on 10–12 May 2024

IF 2.6 2区 地球科学 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
Chao Xiong, Yuyang Huang, Fengjue Wang, Hermann Lühr, Yunliang Zhou, Jia Zhu
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Abstract

In this study, we performed a detailed analysis of the ionospheric zonal currents from equator to middle latitudes during the recent intense geomagnetic storm on 10–12 May 2024. Magnetic measurements from two ground stations in the America sector as well as those from the Swarm satellites have been used. Extreme intensified eastward and westward EEJ values reaching 300 and −400 mA/m have been observed during the storm main and recovery phases, respectively. Such intense EEJ values have never been observed during the past 11-year flying period of Swarm mission. In addition, the storm responses of zonal currents at low and middle latitudes have been analyzed using the vertical magnetic field component from Swarm. These zonal currents showed quite prominent dependence on magnetic local time. In the noon sector, eastward currents were dominated under both quiet and storm conditions, with slight intensification during the storm. Conversely, the zonal currents in the dawn and dusk sectors displayed abrupt current reversals within 30 min after the storm sudden commencement, characterized by sustained eastward (dawn) and westward (dusk) perturbations persisting for the rest of one and a half days. Most interestingly, two eastward zonal current jets were found located at ±25° magnetic latitudes at the dusk sector and emerged with westward zonal currents at other low and middle latitudes. We speculate that a shear layer of zonal eastward winds is needed at a conjugate altitude to cause the narrow eastward current jets. To our knowledge, this is the first report of such narrow current jets at middle latitudes during storms.

2024年5月10-12日强烈地磁风暴期间赤道至中纬度电离层纬向流的响应
本文对2024年5月10-12日最近一次强烈地磁暴期间赤道至中纬度电离层纬向流进行了详细分析。已经使用了美国区域两个地面站以及Swarm卫星的磁场测量。东、西极强EEJ值分别在风暴主期和恢复期达到300和- 400 mA/m。在过去11年的Swarm任务飞行期间,从未观测到如此强烈的EEJ值。此外,利用Swarm的垂直磁场分量分析了低纬度和中纬度纬向流的风暴响应。这些纬向流对地磁地方时表现出相当显著的依赖性。在中午扇区,静风和风暴条件下均以东流为主,风暴期间略有增强。相反,黎明和黄昏扇区纬向流在风暴突然开始后30分钟内表现出突然的电流反转,其特征是持续的东向(黎明)和西向(黄昏)扰动持续了一天半。最有趣的是,在±25°磁纬的黄昏区域发现了两个向东的纬向流喷流,在其他低纬度和中纬度地区发现了向西的纬向流喷流。我们推测,在共轭高度需要一个纬向东风切变层才能形成狭窄的东流射流。据我们所知,这是暴风雨期间中纬度地区首次报道如此狭窄的急流。
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来源期刊
Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics Earth and Planetary Sciences-Geophysics
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
35.70%
发文量
570
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