Synthesis and characterization of hydroxyapatite biocomposite using Syzygium aromaticum for biomedical application

Next Nanotechnology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100202

Kavya Menon , Anusuya Nagaraj , Anjali Sudha , Neveen Kumar Kalagatur , Seethalakshmi Subramaniam , Suja Samiappan

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Abstract

The study aimed to prepare a hydroxyapatite biocomposite with clove (Syzygium aromaticum) bud ethanol extract and demonstrate antibacterial and antioxidant functions. The phytochemical profile of clove bud ethanol extract showed prominent presence of eugenol and gallocatechin by LC-MS/MS analysis. Hydroxyapatite and a biocomposite of hydroxyapatite with clove bud ethanolic extract were prepared using sol-gel and precipitation methods, respectively. Fourier Transform Infrared analysis showed that clove bud ethanolic extract biomolecules were successfully imparted onto the hydroxyapatite surface. The X-ray diffraction study revealed that as-synthesized hydroxyapatite and biocomposite of hydroxyapatite with clove bud ethanolic extract were crystalline and had crystal sizes of 42 nm and 126 nm, respectively. The field emission scanning electron microscopy showed that hydroxyapatite and the biocomposite of hydroxyapatite with clove bud ethanolic extract were spherical in shape and agglomerated. The average particle size distribution of hydroxyapatite and biocomposite of hydroxyapatite with clove bud ethanolic extract was 298.39 and 478.48 nm, respectively. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis revealed that hydroxyapatite consists of calcium, phosphorus, and oxygen. In contrast, the biocomposite of hydroxyapatite with clove bud ethanolic extract contain carbon in addition to calcium, phosphorus, and oxygen. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that hydroxyapatite and biocomposite of hydroxyapatite with clove bud ethanolic extract were thermostable. The biocomposite of hydroxyapatite with clove bud ethanolic extract exhibited potential antibacterial action, and the zone of inhibition against S. aureus, E. faecalis, S. enterica, and E. coli was determined as 20.10 ± 0.08, 25.08 ± 0.07, 14.20 ± 0.04, and 24.08 ± 0.08 mm, respectively. Biocomposite of hydroxyapatite with clove bud ethanolic extract exhibited potential antioxidant activity. Hydroxyapatite and biocomposite of hydroxyapatite with clove bud ethanolic extract showed hemolysis < 2 % and were found hemocompatible and safe. Thus, the as-synthesized biocomposite of hydroxyapatite with clove bud ethanolic extract could help overcome oxidative stress-mediated complications and microbial infections in orthopaedics.

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羟基磷灰石生物复合材料的合成与表征

以丁香芽乙醇提取物为原料制备羟基磷灰石生物复合材料，并研究其抗菌和抗氧化作用。通过LC-MS/MS分析，丁香芽乙醇提取物的植物化学成分中含有丁香酚和没食子儿茶素。采用溶胶-凝胶法和沉淀法分别制备了羟基磷灰石和羟基磷灰石与丁香芽乙醇提取物的生物复合材料。傅里叶变换红外分析表明丁香芽乙醇提取物的生物分子被成功地传递到羟基磷灰石表面。x射线衍射研究表明，合成的羟基磷灰石和羟基磷灰石与丁香芽乙醇提取物的生物复合材料呈结晶状，晶体尺寸分别为42 nm和126 nm。场发射扫描电镜观察发现，羟基磷灰石及羟基磷灰石与丁香芽乙醇提取物的生物复合物呈球状、凝聚状。羟基磷灰石的平均粒径分布为298.39 nm，羟基磷灰石与丁香芽乙醇提取物的生物复合物的平均粒径分布为478.48 nm。能量色散x射线分析显示，羟基磷灰石由钙、磷和氧组成。相比之下，羟基磷灰石与丁香芽乙醇提取物的生物复合材料除了含有钙、磷和氧外，还含有碳。热重分析表明，羟基磷灰石及羟基磷灰石与丁香芽乙醇提取物的生物复合物具有良好的热稳定性。羟磷灰石的biocomposite丁香花蕾ethanolic提取物表现出潜在的抗菌作用和区域对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制,粪大肠,s .血清和大肠杆菌被确定为20.10 ± 0.08,25.08 ± 0.07,14.20 ± 0.04,和24.08 ±0.08  mm,分别。羟基磷灰石与丁香芽乙醇提取物的生物复合具有潜在的抗氧化活性。羟基磷灰石和羟基磷灰石与丁香芽乙醇提取物的生物复合物溶血率<； 2 %，血液相容性好，安全。因此，合成的羟基磷灰石与丁香芽乙醇提取物的生物复合物可以帮助克服骨科中氧化应激介导的并发症和微生物感染。

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Next Nanotechnology

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