Robust electric bus charging in photovoltaic-energy storage systems with dual uncertainties

IF 7.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment Pub Date : 2025-06-26 DOI:10.1016/j.trd.2025.104888

Hong Gao , Kai Liu , Jian Zhao , Liyuan Zhao

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study optimizes the charging schedule of electric buses (EBs) within a photovoltaic-energy storage system (PESS) to address dual uncertainties in energy consumption and photovoltaic generation. Both deterministic and robust models are developed to minimize costs related to grid electricity, energy storage, and carbon emissions. Uncertainty sets with budget parameters are employed to control solution conservativeness. Case studies using real data from Zhengzhou, China reveal that the deterministic model with PESS reduces daily total costs by 25.04% and carbon emissions by 94.35% compared to traditional charging systems (TCS). The two uncertainties demonstrate significant cumulative effects, with photovoltaic uncertainty showing greater impact than consumption uncertainty. Sensitivity analyses provide operational insights, including maintaining additional 200 kWh storage capacity during photovoltaic uncertainty periods, setting off-peak electricity prices above storage costs to promote photovoltaic self-consumption, and prioritizing PESS implementation at stations with space-constrained charging facilities where vehicle-to-charging pile ratios exceed 9.5:1.

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双不确定性光伏储能系统中稳健电动客车充电

为了解决能源消耗和光伏发电的双重不确定性，对光伏储能系统（PESS）内的电动公交车（EBs）充电计划进行了优化。确定性和稳健模型都是为了最小化与电网电力、能源储存和碳排放相关的成本而开发的。采用带预算参数的不确定性集来控制解的保守性。基于郑州地区实际数据的案例研究表明，与传统充电系统（TCS）相比，采用PESS的确定性模式可降低25.04%的日总成本和94.35%的碳排放。两种不确定性均表现出显著的累积效应，其中光伏不确定性的影响大于消费不确定性。敏感性分析提供了运营方面的见解，包括在光伏不确定时期保持200千瓦时的额外储能容量，设定高于储能成本的非峰电价以促进光伏自用，以及在充电设施空间受限且车桩比超过9.5:1的站点优先实施PESS。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment 工程技术-运输科技

CiteScore

14.40

自引率

9.20%

发文量

314

审稿时长

39 days

期刊介绍： Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment focuses on original research exploring the environmental impacts of transportation, policy responses to these impacts, and their implications for transportation system design, planning, and management. The journal comprehensively covers the interaction between transportation and the environment, ranging from local effects on specific geographical areas to global implications such as natural resource depletion and atmospheric pollution. We welcome research papers across all transportation modes, including maritime, air, and land transportation, assessing their environmental impacts broadly. Papers addressing both mobile aspects and transportation infrastructure are considered. The journal prioritizes empirical findings and policy responses of regulatory, planning, technical, or fiscal nature. Articles are policy-driven, accessible, and applicable to readers from diverse disciplines, emphasizing relevance and practicality. We encourage interdisciplinary submissions and welcome contributions from economically developing and advanced countries alike, reflecting our international orientation.