Schistosomiasis: extensive urinary bladder infiltration in an unusual case of suspected cancer

Abstract

We present a case of a teenage boy with haematuria who underwent a trans urethral removal of bladder tumour (TURBT) for multiple solid bladder lesions with sandy patches. Investigations led to a diagnosis of schistosomiasis. The clinical, radiological, macroscopic, and microscopic histological findings are highlighted. We discuss the complex parasitic life cycle of Schistosoma and the well evidenced link between schistosomiasis and bladder cancer, specifically high-grade squamous cell carcinoma.