Prospective association of the EAT-Lancet reference diet with body weight changes and incidence of overweight and obesity in a French cohort.

IF 6.5 1区医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition Pub Date : 2025-06-17 DOI:10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.06.013

Florine Berthy, Hafsa Toujgani, Pauline Duquenne, Léopold K Fezeu, Denis Lairon, Philippe Pointereau, Mathilde Touvier, Serge Hercberg, Pilar Galan, Benjamin Allès, Julia Baudry, Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Obesity has emerged as a significant public health issue globally. In response to the dual health and environmental challenges posed by dietary patterns, the EAT-Lancet Commission recommended a planetary health diet that promotes well-being.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the association of the EAT-Lancet reference diet with body weight (BW) changes, incidences of overweight [body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m²], and obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m²), in a large French cohort.

Methods: The study analyzed data from 51,711 adults who participated in the French NutriNet-Santé cohort between 2009 and 2023. Exposure was measured by the level of adherence to the EAT-Lancet reference diet, evaluated through the EAT-Lancet Diet Index (ELD-I), categorized into sex-specific quintiles (Qs), and as a continuous variable. The relationship between ELD-I and changes in BW was examined using multivariable linear mixed models. For the incidences of overweight and obesity, multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were employed.

Results: During follow-up (median = 8.7 y), 4250 and 1604 persons became overweight and obese, respectively. We observed an inverse association between the level of ELD-I and gain in BW (in kg) [β_Q5 × time = -0.18; 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.20, -0.16; P < 0.0001]. Higher level of ELD-I was associated with lower risks of reaching overweight [hazard ratio (HR)_{Q5 compared with Q1}: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.54, 0.66; _P-trend<0.0001] and obesity status (HR_{Q5 compared with Q1}: 0·54; 95% CI: 0.45, 0.63; p_-trend <0.0001) during follow-up.

Conclusions: This comprehensive prospective observational study revealed that a stronger adherence to the EAT-Lancet reference diet is associated with lower BW and reduced risks of overweight and obesity. Promoting a sustainable plant-based diet seems to be an effective strategy for addressing the global public health challenge of obesity. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03335644.

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在法国队列中，EAT-Lancet参考饮食与体重变化、超重和肥胖发生率的前瞻性关联

背景：肥胖已成为全球性的重大公共卫生问题。为了应对饮食模式带来的健康和环境双重挑战，EAT-Lancet委员会建议采用一种促进福祉的全球健康饮食。本研究旨在调查EAT-Lancet参考饮食与体重变化、超重（体重指数(BMI)≥25 kg/m2）和肥胖（BMI≥30 kg/m2）发生率的关系。方法：该研究分析了2009年至2023年间参加法国nutrinet - sant队列研究的51711名成年人的数据。暴露程度是通过遵守EAT-Lancet参考饮食的水平来衡量的，通过EAT-Lancet饮食指数（ELD-I）进行评估，该指数分为性别特定的五分位数（Qs），并作为一个连续变量。采用多变量线性混合模型检验ELD-I与体重变化之间的关系。超重和肥胖发生率采用多变量Cox比例风险模型。结果：在随访期间（中位数= 8.7 y），分别有4,250人和1,604人超重和肥胖。我们观察到，ELD-I水平与体重增加（以kg为单位）呈负相关(βQ5×time=-0.18;95% CI:-0.20, -0.16；pQ5与Q1相比：0·60；95% ci: 0.54, 0.66；p-trendQ5与q1∶0·54相比；95% ci: 0.45, 0.63；结论：这项全面的前瞻性观察研究显示，更严格地遵守EAT-Lancet参考饮食与较低的体重和降低超重和肥胖的风险有关。促进可持续的植物性饮食似乎是解决肥胖这一全球公共卫生挑战的有效策略。试验注册：Https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03335644。

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来源期刊

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 医学-营养学

CiteScore

12.40

自引率

4.20%

发文量

332

审稿时长

38 days

期刊介绍： American Journal of Clinical Nutrition is recognized as the most highly rated peer-reviewed, primary research journal in nutrition and dietetics.It focuses on publishing the latest research on various topics in nutrition, including but not limited to obesity, vitamins and minerals, nutrition and disease, and energy metabolism. Purpose: The purpose of AJCN is to: Publish original research studies relevant to human and clinical nutrition. Consider well-controlled clinical studies describing scientific mechanisms, efficacy, and safety of dietary interventions in the context of disease prevention or health benefits. Encourage public health and epidemiologic studies relevant to human nutrition. Promote innovative investigations of nutritional questions employing epigenetic, genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic approaches. Include solicited editorials, book reviews, solicited or unsolicited review articles, invited controversy position papers, and letters to the Editor related to prior AJCN articles. Peer Review Process: All submitted material with scientific content undergoes peer review by the Editors or their designees before acceptance for publication.