Integrated Deterministic and Probabilistic Methods Reveal Heavy Metal-Induced Health Risks in Guizhou, China.

IF 3.9 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Toxics Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI:10.3390/toxics13060515
Qinju Li, Dashuan Li, Zelan Wang, Dali Sun, Ting Zhang, Qinghai Zhang
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Due to high geological background and intensive mining activities, soils are prone to heavy metals (HMs) accumulation and ecological fragility in Guizhou Province, China. A total of 740 topsoil samples were therefore collected, and aimed to determine the concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Hg, and Pb, estimate the ecological pollution, and evaluate the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks to humans. Results showed As (1.08%) and Cd (24.46%) in soil exceeded standards. The Igeo showed that Cr (1.49%) and Hg (31.62%) in soil were at light pollution levels; single factor pollution index (PI) showed that Cd (21.35%) in soil was mildly polluted; risk index (RI) as at a low risk level. Notably, both deterministic and Monte Carlo analyses revealed unacceptable carcinogenic risks for As and Cr in children, with traditional methods potentially underestimating As risks. Moreover, Target-Organ Toxicity Dose (TTD) revealed soil HMs as a higher risk to hematological health, with notable health risks posed by Pb in children. It is noted that spatial distribution analysis suggested that the southwestern region of Guizhou Province should be prioritized for health risk management and control. By integrating the uniqueness of geological environments, multi-dimensional health risk assessments, and spatial distributions, the present study provides a scientific basis for assessing HMs pollution risks and soil health risks in the karst regions.

综合确定性与概率方法揭示贵州重金属健康风险
由于高地质背景和密集的采矿活动,贵州省土壤重金属积累和生态脆弱性严重。因此,共收集740份表土样品,旨在测定As、Cd、Cr、Hg和Pb的浓度,评估生态污染,评估对人类的致癌和非致癌健康风险。结果表明,土壤中砷(1.08%)和镉(24.46%)超标。Igeo结果表明,土壤中Cr(1.49%)和Hg(31.62%)处于轻度污染水平;单因素污染指数(PI)表明土壤中Cd(21.35%)为轻度污染;风险指数(RI)为低风险水平。值得注意的是,确定性分析和蒙特卡罗分析都揭示了儿童砷和铬的不可接受的致癌风险,传统方法可能低估了砷的风险。此外,靶器官毒性剂量(TTD)显示土壤HMs对血液学健康具有较高的风险,Pb对儿童的健康风险显著。空间分布分析表明,贵州省西南地区应优先开展健康风险管控工作。通过综合地质环境的独特性、多维健康风险评价和空间分布特征,为喀斯特地区土壤有机质污染风险和土壤健康风险评价提供科学依据。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Toxics
Toxics Chemical Engineering-Chemical Health and Safety
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
10.90%
发文量
681
审稿时长
6 weeks
期刊介绍: Toxics (ISSN 2305-6304) is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal which provides an advanced forum for studies related to all aspects of toxic chemicals and materials. It publishes reviews, regular research papers, and short communications. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in detail. There is, therefore, no restriction on the maximum length of the papers, although authors should write their papers in a clear and concise way. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. Electronic files or software regarding the full details of calculations and experimental procedure can be deposited as supplementary material, if it is not possible to publish them along with the text.
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