Cyanobacterial Blooms and the Presence of Cyanotoxins in the Brazilian Amazon.

IF 3.9 3区医学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Toxins Pub Date : 2025-06-11 DOI:10.3390/toxins17060296

Maria Paula Cruz Schneider, Elane Cunha, Lucas Silva, James Leão, Vanessa Costa Tavares, Eliane Brabo de Sousa, Silvia Faustino

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Abstract

The records of blooms and cyanotoxins in the Brazilian Legal Amazon are scarce and do not represent the reality observed in recent years when there was an increase in notifications and studies carried out in this region. In this article, we carefully analyzed 48 studies to identify the locations where the blooms occurred, the most frequent species, and the tests performed to detect cyanotoxins within the territory of the Brazilian Legal Amazon. The analyzed studies identified approximately 145 taxa of cyanobacteria, and the most frequent species belong to the genera Microcystis and Planktothrix. The most frequently detected cyanotoxin was microcystin, and, in some locations, even with a low cell density, there was the production of toxins. In most cases, Microcystis and Dolichospermum were the major genera associated with blooms and toxin production. The state of Pará had the highest number of records of toxin-producing cyanobacteria, including records of seasonal events, while Acre had no records. This work contributes to our knowledge of the geographic distribution and occurrence of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins in the Brazilian Amazon and proposes new strategies for improving the monitoring of cyanotoxins in the Amazon region.

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蓝藻繁殖和蓝藻毒素在巴西亚马逊的存在。

巴西合法亚马逊河中藻华和蓝藻毒素的记录很少，并不能代表近年来在该地区增加通报和开展研究时观察到的现实情况。在这篇文章中，我们仔细分析了48项研究，以确定水华发生的地点，最常见的物种，以及在巴西合法亚马逊地区进行的检测蓝藻毒素的测试。分析研究确定了大约145个蓝藻分类群，最常见的物种属于微囊藻属和浮游菌属。最常检测到的蓝藻毒素是微囊藻毒素，在某些地方，即使细胞密度低，也会产生毒素。在大多数情况下，微囊藻和水蛭属是与藻华和毒素产生有关的主要属。帕尔州有最多的产毒蓝藻记录，包括季节性事件的记录，而阿克州没有记录。这项工作有助于我们对巴西亚马逊地区蓝藻和蓝藻毒素的地理分布和发生的了解，并提出了改善亚马逊地区蓝藻毒素监测的新策略。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Toxins TOXICOLOGY-

CiteScore

7.50

自引率

16.70%

发文量

765

审稿时长

16.24 days

期刊介绍： Toxins (ISSN 2072-6651) is an international, peer-reviewed open access journal which provides an advanced forum for studies related to toxins and toxinology. It publishes reviews, regular research papers and short communications. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced.