Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Its Impact on Type 2 Diabetes: From Pathogenesis to Therapeutic Strategies.

IF 3.4 3区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Metabolites Pub Date : 2025-06-12 DOI:10.3390/metabo15060397

Yonghua Yu, Yilan Ding, Shuangyuan Wang, Lei Jiang

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Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. Emerging evidence indicates that gut microbiota dysbiosis may contribute to the development of T2DM. Individuals with T2DM exhibit notable changes in gut microbiota composition, including shifts in the balance between Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, a reduction in butyrate-producing bacteria, and an increase in opportunistic pathogens. Gut microbiota-derived metabolites-such as short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, and amino acids-have been implicated in the pathogenesis of T2DM, highlighting the critical role of host-microbe interactions. In this overview, we discuss the gut microbiota dysbiosis associated with T2DM and explore the molecular links between microbiota-derived metabolites and the pathogenesis of diseases. Additionally, we explore potential therapeutic strategies, including probiotics and dietary interventions, to modulate the gut microbiota and its metabolites, providing insights for future clinical research and the development of novel treatments for T2DM.

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肠道菌群失调及其对2型糖尿病的影响：从发病机制到治疗策略

2型糖尿病（T2DM）是一种以胰岛素抵抗和胰腺β细胞功能障碍为特征的常见代谢紊乱。新出现的证据表明，肠道菌群失调可能有助于T2DM的发展。2型糖尿病患者的肠道菌群组成有显著变化，包括厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门之间平衡的改变，产生丁酸盐的细菌减少，机会致病菌增加。肠道微生物衍生的代谢物，如短链脂肪酸、胆汁酸和氨基酸，与T2DM的发病机制有关，强调了宿主-微生物相互作用的关键作用。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了与T2DM相关的肠道微生物群失调，并探讨了微生物群衍生代谢物与疾病发病机制之间的分子联系。此外，我们探索潜在的治疗策略，包括益生菌和饮食干预，以调节肠道微生物群及其代谢物，为未来的临床研究和新型治疗T2DM的发展提供见解。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Metabolites Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Molecular Biology

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

7.30%

发文量

1070

审稿时长

17.17 days

期刊介绍： Metabolites (ISSN 2218-1989) is an international, peer-reviewed open access journal of metabolism and metabolomics. Metabolites publishes original research articles and review articles in all molecular aspects of metabolism relevant to the fields of metabolomics, metabolic biochemistry, computational and systems biology, biotechnology and medicine, with a particular focus on the biological roles of metabolites and small molecule biomarkers. Metabolites encourages scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. Therefore, there is no restriction on article length. Sufficient experimental details must be provided to enable the results to be accurately reproduced. Electronic material representing additional figures, materials and methods explanation, or supporting results and evidence can be submitted with the main manuscript as supplementary material.