Foundations of Canadian Indigenous Medicine (Part III): Treatment Approaches for Common Dermatological Conditions.

Abstract

Background: Indigenous communities in Canada face significant dermatological health care disparities due to systemic barriers, geographic isolation, and limited access to specialists. These challenges are further exacerbated by numerous socio-economic factors. Addressing these issues requires policy reforms, Indigenous-led health care initiatives, and the recognition of traditional natural-based remedies as valuable contributors to improve health outcomes, mutual trust, and patient compliance.

Methodology: A detailed literature review was conducted using PubMed and the Native American Ethnobotany Database, aiming to identify traditional remedies focusing on plants and natural resources used by Indigenous/First Nations communities for the treatment of dermatological conditions and skin wellness. The focus was on plant-based and natural resources traditionally used by the Cree, Inuit, Algonquin, and Iroquois, as documented in ethnobotanical and medical literature.

Results: A total of 73 distinct plant species used for various dermatological conditions were identified from 64 articles. These findings were categorized into 8 groups based on the specific skin conditions they addressed: psoriasis/papulosquamous-related conditions, acne, infections affecting the skin and soft tissues, pruritic disorders, cosmetic and aesthetic applications, warts, hair and nail conditions, and other dermatological applications. Many of these treatments possess antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, highlighting their potential for integration into modern skincare and therapeutic innovations.

Conclusion: For generations, Indigenous communities have relied on traditional plant-based remedies for dermatological care, emphasizing a holistic approach to well-being. Integrating these practices with Western dermatology can foster trust, improve patient outcomes, and uphold cultural values.