Retinal Imaging as a Window into Cardiovascular Health: Towards Harnessing Retinal Analytics for Precision Cardiovascular Medicine.

IF 2.4 4区 医学 Q2 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS
Jay Bharatsingh Bisen, Hayden Sikora, Anushree Aneja, Sanjiv J Shah, Rukhsana G Mirza
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Abstract

Rising morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD) have increased interest in precision and preventive management to reduce long-term sequelae. While retinal imaging has traditionally been recognized for identifying vascular changes in systemic conditions such as hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus, a new ophthalmologic field, cardiac-oculomics, has associated retinal biomarker changes with other cardiovascular diseases with retinal manifestations. Several imaging modalities visualize the retina, including color fundus photography (CFP), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and OCT angiography (OCTA), which visualize the retinal surface, the individual retinal layers, and the microvasculature within those layers, respectively. In these modalities, imaging-derived biomarkers can present due to CVD and have been linked to the presence, progression, or risk of developing a range of CVD, including hypertension, carotid artery disease, valvular heart disease, cerebral infarction, atrial fibrillation, and heart failure. Promising artificial intelligence (AI) models have been developed to complement existing risk-prediction tools, but standardization and clinical trials are needed for clinical adoption. Beyond risk estimation, there is growing interest in assessing real-time cardiovascular status to track vascular changes following pharmacotherapy, surgery, or acute decompensation. This review offers an up-to-date assessment of the cardiac-oculomics literature and aims to raise awareness among cardiologists and encourage interdepartmental collaboration.

视网膜成像作为心血管健康的窗口:利用视网膜分析进行精准心血管医学。
心血管疾病(CVD)的发病率和死亡率的上升增加了对精确和预防性管理的兴趣,以减少长期后遗症。传统上,视网膜成像被认为是用于识别高血压和2型糖尿病等全身性疾病的血管变化,而一个新的眼科领域——心眼组学,已经将视网膜生物标志物的变化与其他有视网膜表现的心血管疾病联系起来。几种成像方式显示视网膜,包括彩色眼底摄影(CFP)、光学相干断层扫描(OCT)和OCT血管造影(OCTA),它们分别显示视网膜表面、单个视网膜层和这些层内的微血管。在这些模式中,成像衍生的生物标志物可因CVD而出现,并与一系列CVD的存在、进展或发展风险相关,包括高血压、颈动脉疾病、瓣膜性心脏病、脑梗死、心房颤动和心力衰竭。有前途的人工智能(AI)模型已经开发出来,以补充现有的风险预测工具,但临床应用需要标准化和临床试验。除了风险评估之外,人们对实时心血管状态的评估越来越感兴趣,以跟踪药物治疗、手术或急性失代偿后的血管变化。本综述提供了最新的心脏经济学文献评估,旨在提高心脏病专家的认识并鼓励跨部门合作。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease
Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS-
CiteScore
2.60
自引率
12.50%
发文量
381
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