Bhendi yellow vein mosaic virus infection alters Extrachromosomal circular DNA profiles and may contribute to the current understanding of begomoviral genome dynamics and disease complexity
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) is chromosomal byproducts that influence genome dynamics. While their biogenesis in plants remains only partially understood, factors such as stress and adaptation appear to modulate their abundance. We hypothesize that viral infections impose physiological stress, triggering genomic responses—including altered gene expression, epigenetic modifications, and structural variations—that may promote eccDNA formation. Viral proteins such as Rep, AC2/C2, AC4/C4, and chromatin-modulating proteins with DNase activity may contribute to this process. In this study, we investigated virus-induced eccDNA in Nicotiana benthamiana plants infiltrated with infectious clones of Bhendi yellow vein mosaic virus (BYVMV). DNA was isolated from both wild-type and symptomatic plants, enriched for eccDNA, and subjected to rolling circle amplification (RCA), next-generation sequencing (NGS), and analysis through a custom bioinformatics pipeline designed to exclude genomic, organellar, and viral DNA. Our analysis revealed virus-induced eccDNAs carrying host genes that may support viral infection, suggesting that the virus may manipulate host genome architecture. Interestingly, several eccDNA candidates from BYVMV-infected samples harbored the geminiviral nonanucleotide sequence, implicating its potential role in disease progression and enhanced viral acquisition. These findings provide novel insights into plant-virus interactions, highlighting the dual role of eccDNA in host defense and viral manipulation, and laying the foundation for future studies into eccDNA's role in plant stress responses and adaptive mechanisms.
期刊介绍:
Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology provides an International forum for original research papers, reviews, and commentaries on all aspects of the molecular biology, biochemistry, physiology, histology and cytology, genetics and evolution of plant-microbe interactions.
Papers on all kinds of infective pathogen, including viruses, prokaryotes, fungi, and nematodes, as well as mutualistic organisms such as Rhizobium and mycorrhyzal fungi, are acceptable as long as they have a bearing on the interaction between pathogen and plant.