Strategies for improving ergonomics in facial plastic and reconstructive surgery

Abstract

Facial plastic and reconstructive surgery (FPRS) comprises many technical operations with limited exposure, constrained positioning, repetitive movements, and reliance on assistive technology like endoscopes and microscopes. All these factors increase risk of developing work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMDs). Improving ergonomics in the FPRS operating room involves strategic patient positioning, optimal sterile field set ups, well-fitted surgical loupes, streamlined use of endoscopes, microscopes, and monitors, and mindful surgeon posture during operations. Surgeons should consider wearable technology to aid in ergonomic posture, incorporate microbreaks, and maintain general fitness to best prevent development of WRMDs. Beginning ergonomic habits in residency through formal education can create long-term impact on patient safety, operative efficiency, surgeons’ health, and career longevity.