Endocrine consequences of cranial irradiation in children: Mechanisms, impacts, and sex differences

IF 5.5 2区医学 Q1 HEMATOLOGY

Critical reviews in oncology/hematology Pub Date : 2025-06-21 DOI:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2025.104817

Yumeng Wang , Wenkai Yu , Yiran Xu , Changlian Zhu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Cranial irradiation is a vital adjunctive therapy for pediatric brain tumors and acute lymphoblastic leukemia, significantly improving survival outcomes. However, it is often associated with complications, including neurodevelopmental disorders, endocrine dysfunctions, and obesity. This review explores the endocrine complications linked to cranial irradiation, focusing on its impact on the pituitary gland, hypothalamus, salivary glands, and thyroid gland. We discuss how radiation-induced hormonal imbalances contribute to growth restriction, obesity, and reproductive dysfunctions, with an emphasis on gender-specific differences in these outcomes. The underlying mechanisms likely involve the heightened radiation sensitivity in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, leading to complex disruptions in hormonal regulation. Understanding these mechanisms is essential for developing targeted interventions to reduce long-term endocrine side effects and enhance quality of life for survivors.

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儿童颅脑照射对内分泌的影响：机制、影响和性别差异。

颅脑照射是儿童脑肿瘤和急性淋巴细胞白血病的重要辅助治疗，可显著提高生存率。然而，它常伴有并发症，包括神经发育障碍、内分泌功能障碍和肥胖。本文综述了与颅照射相关的内分泌并发症，重点介绍了其对垂体、下丘脑、唾液腺和甲状腺的影响。我们讨论了辐射引起的激素失衡如何导致生长受限、肥胖和生殖功能障碍，并强调了这些结果的性别差异。潜在的机制可能涉及下丘脑和脑垂体对辐射敏感性的提高，导致激素调节的复杂中断。了解这些机制对于制定有针对性的干预措施以减少长期内分泌副作用和提高幸存者的生活质量至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Critical reviews in oncology/hematology 医学-血液学

CiteScore

11.00

自引率

3.20%

发文量

213

审稿时长

55 days

期刊介绍： Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology publishes scholarly, critical reviews in all fields of oncology and hematology written by experts from around the world. Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology is the Official Journal of the European School of Oncology (ESO) and the International Society of Liquid Biopsy.