PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway in Breast Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapy: Insights into Phytochemical-Based Therapeutics.

IF 2 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS
Adil Farooq Wali, Siajunisa Talath, Mohamed El Tanani, Imran Rashid Rangraze, Rasha Babiker, Sadat Shafi, Ruby Bansal
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Breast cancer (BC) is listed as the most prevalent cancer form in women worldwide, with major subtypes classified by hormone receptor (HR) and HER2 status including, HR+/HER2- (∼65-70%), HER2+ (∼15-20%), Triple-Negative-HR-/HER2- (∼10-15%) and rare sybtypes (<5%). Scientific evidence has revealed that PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling cascade plays an important role in the development and progression of BC, contributing to key cellular processes including cell growth, proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Dysregulation of the components of this cascade including functional loss of Phosphatase and TENsin homolog (PTEN), PI3K hyperactivation, and gain-of-function of AKT, are frequently observed in BC subtypes, making it a promising target for therapeutic intervention. A myriad of studies have documented the potential of phytochemicals, including curcumin, chrysin, fisetin, genistein, resveratrol and lycopene as modulators of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis. These phytochemicals exhibit multifaceted mechanisms of action, including inhibition of key kinases, induction of apoptosis, suppression of angiogenesis, and reversal of resistance to chemotherapy. This review aims to provide a detailed overview about the role of PI3K/AKT/mTOR alteration in BC development and the current research on phytochemicals that modulate the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in BC. We documented the molecular mechanisms through which these compounds exert their effects, their potential synergistic interactions with conventional therapies, and the challenges and prospects for their clinical application. The evidence presented underscores the promise of phytochemicals as novel, less toxic adjuncts to traditional BC therapies, warranting further exploration and development for clinical use.

PI3K/AKT/mTOR通路在乳腺癌发病和治疗中的作用:基于植物化学的治疗方法。
乳腺癌(BC)被列为世界范围内女性最常见的癌症形式,根据激素受体(HR)和HER2状态分类的主要亚型包括HR+/HER2- (~ 65-70%), HER2+(~ 15-20%),三阴性HR-/HER2-(~ 10-15%)和罕见的sybtypes (
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.80
自引率
3.40%
发文量
172
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: This timely publication reports and reviews current findings on the effects of nutrition on the etiology, therapy, and prevention of cancer. Etiological issues include clinical and experimental research in nutrition, carcinogenesis, epidemiology, biochemistry, and molecular biology. Coverage of therapy focuses on research in clinical nutrition and oncology, dietetics, and bioengineering. Prevention approaches include public health recommendations, preventative medicine, behavior modification, education, functional foods, and agricultural and food production policies.
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