Impact of Obesity on Appetite-Related Behaviors and Biomarkers in Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.

IF 1.9 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Obesity Science & Practice Pub Date : 2025-06-20 eCollection Date: 2025-06-01 DOI:10.1002/osp4.70076

Sean J Iwamoto, Tanya M Halliday, Jason R Tregellas, Kristina T Legget, Allison K Hild, Marc-André Cornier

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Abstract

Objective: Although aging is associated with reduced hunger and energy intake (EI), obesity is increasing in older adults. This study aimed to identify appetite regulation differences between older adults with obesity and older adults with normal weight (NW).

Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited older adults with obesity (BMI 30-40 kg/m²) and NW (BMI < 25 kg/m²) aged 65-85 years. Fasting appetite-related behavioral questionnaires were collected. Ghrelin, polypeptide YY [PYY], glucagon-like peptide-1 [GLP-1], glucose, insulin, and triglycerides were measured fasting and every 30 min for 3 h following a test breakfast, and the incremental area under the curve (iAUC) was calculated.

Results: 13 older adults with obesity (aged 70.8 ± 4.0 years, 54% female, BMI 33.1 ± 3.6 kg/m²) and 14 with NW (aged 70.8 ± 5.3 years, 71% female, BMI 22.5 ± 2.1 kg/m²) were analyzed. Compared to older adults with NW, older adults with obesity had higher disinhibition and perceived hunger (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively), lower confidence in preventing overeating (p < 0.05), higher fasting GLP-1 and insulin (both p < 0.05), and higher PYY and insulin iAUCs (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively).

Conclusion: Despite similar meal-related appetite and EI, older adults with obesity had higher fasting disinhibition, perceived hunger, GLP-1 and insulin, higher PYY and insulin iAUCs, and lower confidence in preventing overeating than those with NW. These differences between older adults with obesity and NW have implications for tailored obesity treatments in older adults.

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肥胖对老年人食欲相关行为和生物标志物的影响：一项横断面研究。

目的：尽管衰老与饥饿和能量摄入（EI）减少有关，但老年人的肥胖正在增加。本研究旨在确定肥胖老年人和正常体重老年人（NW）之间食欲调节的差异。方法：本横断面研究招募65-85岁的老年肥胖（BMI 30-40 kg/m2）和NW （BMI 2）。收集空腹食欲相关行为问卷。空腹及试验早餐后3 h每30 min测定一次胃饥饿素、多肽YY [PYY]、胰高血糖素样肽-1 [GLP-1]、葡萄糖、胰岛素、甘油三酯，计算曲线下增量面积（iAUC）。结果：分析了13例老年肥胖患者（年龄70.8±4.0岁，女性占54%，BMI 33.1±3.6 kg/m2）和14例NW患者（年龄70.8±5.3岁，女性占71%，BMI 22.5±2.1 kg/m2）。结论：尽管饮食相关食欲和EI相似，但肥胖老年人的空腹去抑制、饥饿感、GLP-1和胰岛素水平较高，PYY和胰岛素iAUCs较高，预防暴饮暴食的信心较低。老年人肥胖和NW之间的这些差异对老年人的量身定制肥胖治疗具有启示意义。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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