Biological properties, synthetic pathways and anti-aging mechanisms of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN): Research progress and challenges.

IF 4.4 4区 医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY
Enhui Wang, Yuting Wang, Zhaofeng Zhang, Yanfei Jiang, Chunyue Zhao
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The increasing global population aging has made the prevention and control of aging-related diseases a major public health challenge in the twenty-first century. Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), as a precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), has garnered significant attention in recent years for its anti-aging potential. This review comprehensively reviews the metabolic pathways and molecular mechanisms of NMN, comparing the technical characteristics and industrialization prospects of chemical synthesis, microbial fermentation, and enzyme-catalyzed synthesis. The molecular targets and networks of NMN in core aging mechanisms, such as DNA damage repair, mitochondrial function regulation, inflammatory response balance, gut microbiota remodeling, and autophagy pathway activation, are analyzed. The molecular mechanism of NMN in slowing down the aging process through multi-target synergistic effects is elucidated. However, critical issues such as age-stratified dosage modeling, long-term safety, and efficacy of NMN still require in-depth research. This review provides a theoretical basis and research direction for translational research and precise anti-aging strategies of NMN.

烟酰胺单核苷酸(NMN)的生物学特性、合成途径及抗衰老机制:研究进展与挑战
随着全球人口老龄化的加剧,老龄相关疾病的预防和控制已成为二十一世纪公共卫生面临的重大挑战。烟酰胺单核苷酸(Nicotinamide mononucleotide, NMN)作为烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD+)的前体,近年来因其抗衰老潜力而受到广泛关注。本文综述了NMN的代谢途径和分子机制,比较了化学合成、微生物发酵和酶催化合成的技术特点和产业化前景。分析了NMN在DNA损伤修复、线粒体功能调节、炎症反应平衡、肠道微生物群重塑和自噬途径激活等核心衰老机制中的分子靶点和网络。阐明了NMN通过多靶点协同作用延缓衰老的分子机制。然而,NMN的年龄分层剂量模型、长期安全性和疗效等关键问题仍需深入研究。本文综述为NMN的转化研究和精准抗衰老策略提供了理论依据和研究方向。
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来源期刊
Biogerontology
Biogerontology 医学-老年医学
CiteScore
8.00
自引率
4.40%
发文量
54
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The journal Biogerontology offers a platform for research which aims primarily at achieving healthy old age accompanied by improved longevity. The focus is on efforts to understand, prevent, cure or minimize age-related impairments. Biogerontology provides a peer-reviewed forum for publishing original research data, new ideas and discussions on modulating the aging process by physical, chemical and biological means, including transgenic and knockout organisms; cell culture systems to develop new approaches and health care products for maintaining or recovering the lost biochemical functions; immunology, autoimmunity and infection in aging; vertebrates, invertebrates, micro-organisms and plants for experimental studies on genetic determinants of aging and longevity; biodemography and theoretical models linking aging and survival kinetics.
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