Effect of biocarrier on Dirammox during high NH4+-N wastewater treatment: Microbial community, sludge property, and removal efficiency

IF 6.3 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of water process engineering Pub Date : 2025-06-25 DOI:10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108194

Yuchen Yuan , Xiaochen Xu , Fenglin Yang , Jiadong Liu

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Abstract

To enhance the retention of active microorganisms within the sludge, this study examined the effect of various biocarriers under the direct ammonia oxidation (Dirammox) technology for treating high NH₄⁺-N wastewater. Following prolonged operation with an influent concentration of 1000 mg/L NH₄⁺-N and 10,000 mg/L COD, the results demonstrated that the TN removal efficiencies of R1 (control), R2 (Fenton iron mud), and R3 (coconut shell) were 62.45 ± 3.30 %, 63.17 ± 3.98 %, and 64.90 ± 3.74 %, respectively. The COD removal efficiencies were 97.13 ± 0.91 %, 98.45 ± 0.24 %, and 97.66 ± 0.70 %, respectively, and TP was completely removed in all cases. Under high-load conditions, sludge supplemented with biocarriers not only exhibited a reduced recovery time but also demonstrated enhanced settling performance. Specifically, the SV₃₀/SV₅ ratio in R3 and R2 surpassed 0.9 within 10 and 40 days, respectively, whereas R1 stabilized at 0.85 after 30 days. Microbial analysis revealed that the introduction of biocarriers increased microbial diversity, resulting in distinct variations in microbial community structure. These findings indicated that the presence of biocarriers significantly mitigated the adverse effects of high-load conditions and improved sludge settling characteristics, primarily by reducing extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) secretion, enhancing viscosity, and promoting microbial adhesion and species diversity. Consequently, the pollutant removal efficiency was further optimized due to the increased microbial diversity. In summary, the Dirammox process presented a promising approach for high NH₄⁺-N wastewater treatment, with biocarriers demonstrating a substantial positive impact.

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高氨氮废水处理过程中生物载体对地拉莫司的影响：微生物群落、污泥性质和去除效率

为了提高活性微生物在污泥中的保留率，本研究考察了不同生物载体在直接氨氧化（Dirammox）技术下处理高NH4+-N废水的效果。在进水浓度为1000 mg/L NH4+-N和10000 mg/L COD的条件下长时间运行，结果表明，R1（对照）、R2 （Fenton铁泥）和R3（椰子壳）对TN的去除率分别为62.45±3.30%、63.17±3.98%和64.90±3.74%。COD去除率分别为97.13±0.91%、98.45±0.24%和97.66±0.70%，TP均被完全去除。在高负荷条件下，添加生物载体的污泥不仅恢复时间缩短，而且沉降性能增强。其中，R3和R2的SV30/SV5比值在10天和40天内分别超过0.9，而R1在30天后稳定在0.85。微生物分析表明，生物载体的引入增加了微生物多样性，导致微生物群落结构发生明显变化。这些发现表明，生物载体的存在显著减轻了高负荷条件的不利影响，改善了污泥沉降特性，主要是通过减少细胞外聚合物（EPS）的分泌，增强粘度，促进微生物的粘附和物种多样性。因此，由于微生物多样性的增加，污染物的去除效率进一步优化。综上所述，Dirammox工艺是处理高NH4+-N废水的一种有前景的方法，生物载体显示出实质性的积极影响。

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来源期刊

Journal of water process engineering Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Biotechnology

CiteScore

10.70

自引率

8.60%

发文量

846

审稿时长

24 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Water Process Engineering aims to publish refereed, high-quality research papers with significant novelty and impact in all areas of the engineering of water and wastewater processing . Papers on advanced and novel treatment processes and technologies are particularly welcome. The Journal considers papers in areas such as nanotechnology and biotechnology applications in water, novel oxidation and separation processes, membrane processes (except those for desalination) , catalytic processes for the removal of water contaminants, sustainable processes, water reuse and recycling, water use and wastewater minimization, integrated/hybrid technology, process modeling of water treatment and novel treatment processes. Submissions on the subject of adsorbents, including standard measurements of adsorption kinetics and equilibrium will only be considered if there is a genuine case for novelty and contribution, for example highly novel, sustainable adsorbents and their use: papers on activated carbon-type materials derived from natural matter, or surfactant-modified clays and related minerals, would not fulfil this criterion. The Journal particularly welcomes contributions involving environmentally, economically and socially sustainable technology for water treatment, including those which are energy-efficient, with minimal or no chemical consumption, and capable of water recycling and reuse that minimizes the direct disposal of wastewater to the aquatic environment. Papers that describe novel ideas for solving issues related to water quality and availability are also welcome, as are those that show the transfer of techniques from other disciplines. The Journal will consider papers dealing with processes for various water matrices including drinking water (except desalination), domestic, urban and industrial wastewaters, in addition to their residues. It is expected that the journal will be of particular relevance to chemical and process engineers working in the field. The Journal welcomes Full Text papers, Short Communications, State-of-the-Art Reviews and Letters to Editors and Case Studies