Correlation Between Body-Shape Index, Body-Roundness Index, Body-Mass Index, and Apnea-Hypopnea Index in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome.

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the potential of recently developed anthropometric measures, A Body Shape Index (ABSI) and Body Roundness Index (BRI), in the diagnosis of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS), to compare them with traditional indices (BMI) and to analyze them by gender.

Methods: The medical records of 400 patients who were admitted to our sleep clinic were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic data, obesity status, Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI), Oxygen Desaturation Index (ODI), and anthropometric measurements of all cases were obtained from their files. ABSI, BRI, and traditional indices were calculated according to appropriate formulas. Individuals were grouped according to AHI severity as follows: AHI <5: control; 5≤ AHI <15: mild; 15≤ AHI <30: moderate; and AHI ≥ 30: severe OSAS. Anthropometric indices were evaluated comparatively according to OSAS status and gender.

Results: Of the 400 participants included in the study, 58% were male (45.61±12.2 years) and 42% were female (49.01±12.3 years). The prevalence of OSAS was 75% (n=300). The degree of obesity in mild and severe OSAS patients varied significantly by gender (p=0.001, p=0.006). Among the new indices, BRI revealed a meaningful difference (p<0.001) between control and OSAS patients in both genders, while ABSI was not significant (male/female, p=0.719/p=0.848). BRI was significantly associated with OSAS (BRI-AHI, r=0.35; BRI-ODI, r=0.30). The diagnostic performance of BRI in OSAS patients was good (AUC 0.690 in men and AUC 0.650 in women). Nonetheless, it was not higher than BMI (AUC male/female, 0.693/0.712). ABSI did not perform adequately in the evaluation of OSAS.

Conclusion: BRI, a new anthropometric metric, has been found to be a useful index for the diagnosis of OSAS in both sexes. However, it was not superior to BMI. BRI showed a diagnostic performance similar to BMI in men, while in women, it was slightly lower than BMI but within an acceptable range. ABSI did not provide meaningful diagnostic value.