Dissecting ncRNA pathways and omics integration.

Abstract

This chapter x-rays the pivotal roles of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in gene regulation and cellular processes with emphasis on their diverse functions and mechanisms. The ncRNA types, which include miRNAs, siRNAs, and lncRNAs were highlighted stating their significance in gene regulation and disease. Then, the biogenesis and functional roles of these ncRNAs were explained with a focus on their transcription, processing, and mechanisms of action such as RNA interference and gene silencing. Furthermore, the chapter delves into the pathways of miRNAs, siRNAs, and lncRNAs to elucidate their regulatory roles in chromatin remodeling, transcription, and post-transcriptional processes. Omics technologies, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and epigenomics were piqued for their transformative impact on ncRNA research towards enabling comprehensive analysis and discovery of novel ncRNA functions. Consistently, the integration of multi-omics data, showcasing bioinformatics tools, and exemplified studies that reveal ncRNA networks and systems biology approaches were highlighted. These led to the suggestion that addressing technical and computational challenges, such as data quality, reproducibility, and integration is pivotal to future advancements in applications of lncRNA. Therefore, dissecting ncRNA Pathways and Omics Integration shows the potential applications of ncRNA research in personalized medicine and therapeutics which has culminated in its growing significance in biomedical research and its promise for innovative treatment strategies.