Investigating synthesis techniques for single-metal and multi-metal MXenes: Assessing methods, benefits, challenges and applications in hydrogen production

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies Pub Date : 2025-06-17 DOI:10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01502

Jarrar Ali Jaffri , Muhammad Ihsan , Shahid Bashir , Jeyraj Selvaraj , S. Ramesh , B. Vengadaesvaran , Nur Azimah Abd Samad , Izzat Thiyahuddin , Teuku Husaini , Geetha Srinivasan , Thibeorchews Prasankumar , K. Ramesh

引用次数: 0

Abstract

This review focuses on MXene synthesis methods, emphasizing the top-down approach for its scalability, safety, and suitability for hydrogen production. MXenes, derived from M_n+1AX_n (n = 1–4) MAX phases, exhibit tunable interfacial chemistry and excellent electrochemical activity. Etching techniques such as direct hydrofluoric acid (HF), in-situ HF, hydrothermal, molten salts, and deep eutectic solvents (DES) are evaluated for their efficiency and impact on MXene quality. By emphasizing their exceptional structural designs, MXenes reveal the full spectrum of their potential in the realms of Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER) and Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER) applications.

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研究单金属和多金属MXenes的合成技术：评估方法、优势、挑战和在制氢中的应用

本文综述了MXene的合成方法，强调了自上而下的方法的可扩展性，安全性和制氢的适用性。MXenes源自Mn+1AXn (n = 1-4) MAX相，具有可调节的界面化学和优异的电化学活性。对直接氢氟酸（HF）、原位HF、水热、熔盐和深共晶溶剂（DES）等蚀刻技术的效率和对MXene质量的影响进行了评估。通过强调其独特的结构设计，MXenes揭示了其在析氢反应（HER）和析氧反应（OER）应用领域的全部潜力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Sustainable Materials and Technologies Energy-Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment

CiteScore

13.40

自引率

4.20%

发文量

158

审稿时长

45 days

期刊介绍： Sustainable Materials and Technologies (SM&T), an international, cross-disciplinary, fully open access journal published by Elsevier, focuses on original full-length research articles and reviews. It covers applied or fundamental science of nano-, micro-, meso-, and macro-scale aspects of materials and technologies for sustainable development. SM&T gives special attention to contributions that bridge the knowledge gap between materials and system designs.