Evolutionary Genetic Analysis of the Pyrazinamidase Gene in Seven Global Populations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

IF 1.6 Q4 INFECTIOUS DISEASES
International Journal of Mycobacteriology Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-20 DOI:10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_30_25
Neha Kumari, Nikhat Khan, Aparup Das
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: This study aims to identify the signatures of natural selection in the pyrazinamidase (pncA) gene to see if genetic adaptations by Darwinian natural selection have shaped genetic composition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb).

Methods: The present analyses were based on 209 DNA sequences (561 bp) of the pncA gene of the bacterial pathogen, Mtb from seven different counties (Peru, Pakistan, South Africa, Mexico, India, China, and Kuwait) endemic to tuberculosis (TB). Before conducting tests for Darwinian natural selection in the pncA gene, we conducted several tests for neutrality in all the available DNA sequences after retrieval from public domains. Several statistical analyses under different algorithms were conducted and biological/evolutionary inferences were drawn.

Results: The 209 sequences of the pncA gene in Mtb belonging to seven different countries were found to be perfectly aligned with the reference sequence. Data analyses under different population genetic models revealed the highest genetic diversity in India, followed by Peru; the lowest was in China. Interestingly, four populations; Peru, Pakistan, India, and Kuwait were found to be deviated from neutral model of evolution based on Tajima'D (TD) values; two populations (India and Peru) based on Fu and Li's D and F (FLD and FLF) test values and five populations (India, Peru, Pakistan, South Africa, and Kuwait) based on Fay and Wu's H (FWH) test. Moreover, based on the statistically significant results of neutrality tests, evidence for positive selection in three populations (Peru [P < 0.02945], Pakistan [P < 0.01767], and Kuwait [P < 0.00301]) at P < 0.05 level of significance] was found.

Conclusion: The present evolutionary genetic analysis of the pncA gene indicates different levels of genetic diversity in seven different country populations. As almost all the global populations showed deviation from neutral model and three populations showed signatures of natural selection, with no specific hotspot region identified for PZA resistance, this gene needs to be studied with larger population size covering countries with TB incidences to study the evolution of drug resistance in Mtb. This will help in the management of drug resistance and TB elimination plan.

7个结核分枝杆菌全球居群吡嗪酰胺酶基因的进化遗传分析。
背景:本研究旨在确定吡嗪酰胺酶(pncA)基因的自然选择特征,以了解达尔文自然选择的遗传适应是否形成了结核分枝杆菌(Mtb)的遗传组成。方法:对来自秘鲁、巴基斯坦、南非、墨西哥、印度、中国和科威特等7个结核病流行国家的结核分枝杆菌pncA基因的209条DNA序列(561 bp)进行分析。在对pncA基因进行达尔文自然选择测试之前,我们从公共领域检索后对所有可用的DNA序列进行了多次中性测试。在不同算法下进行了几种统计分析,并得出了生物/进化推论。结果:发现来自7个不同国家的结核分枝杆菌pncA基因的209个序列与参考序列完全一致。不同种群遗传模型下的数据分析显示,印度的遗传多样性最高,其次是秘鲁;最低的是中国。有趣的是,四个种群;秘鲁、巴基斯坦、印度和科威特偏离了基于Tajima d (TD)值的中性进化模型;两个种群(印度和秘鲁)基于Fu和Li的D和F (FLD和FLF)检验值,五个种群(印度、秘鲁、巴基斯坦、南非和科威特)基于Fay和Wu的H (FWH)检验。此外,在中性检验结果具有统计学意义的基础上,在秘鲁[P < 0.02945]、巴基斯坦[P < 0.01767]和科威特[P < 0.00301]三个人群中发现了阳性选择的证据(P < 0.05显著水平)。结论:pncA基因的进化遗传分析表明,pncA基因在7个不同国家人群中具有不同程度的遗传多样性。由于全球几乎所有种群都偏离中性模型,有3个种群表现出自然选择的特征,没有发现PZA耐药的特定热点区域,因此需要在结核病发病率较高的国家对该基因进行更大种群规模的研究,以研究Mtb耐药的演变。这将有助于耐药管理和结核病消除计划。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.20
自引率
25.00%
发文量
62
审稿时长
7 weeks
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