Improved Theoretical Estimates of the Zonal Propagation of Global Nonlinear Mesoscale Eddies

IF 3.3 2区 地球科学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY
Ran Liu, Yan Wang, Xiaoming Zhai, Dhruv Balwada, Julian Mak
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Abstract

Mesoscale eddies are essential for transport and mixing processes in the global ocean, with their characteristic westward propagation being a significant finding from the satellite altimetry era. Traditional predictions of their zonal propagation rely on the theoretical phase speed of long baroclinic Rossby waves; however, this approach is known to overestimate eddy speeds equatorward of approximately 35 ° $35{}^{\circ}$ latitudes. To address this issue, we incorporate local eddy wavelengths inferred from satellite-based eddy radii into the estimation of global eddy speeds, thereby significantly reducing the overestimation biases in mid-to low-latitude regions. This improvement is consistent with the observation that mesoscale eddies in these latitudes have length scales comparable to the local deformation scales and thus refrain from satisfying the long-wave approximation, whereas the long baroclinic Rossby wave phase speed remains useful for capturing the most energetic but less abundant eddies. The remaining discrepancies between the revised theoretical speeds and observations primarily stem from uncertainties in the background zonal flow, spatial variability of vertical modal structures (and the associated deformation radii), and estimation of local eddy length scales. These findings have important implications for understanding long-range mesoscale eddy propagation and eddy-driven mixing in the global ocean, which are anticipated to benefit future ocean model developments and enhance predictions of mesoscale eddy dynamics.

Abstract Image

全球非线性中尺度涡旋纬向传播的改进理论估计
中尺度涡旋对全球海洋的输送和混合过程至关重要,其向西传播的特征是卫星测高时代的一个重要发现。它们纬向传播的传统预测依赖于长斜压罗斯比波的理论相速;然而,已知这种方法高估了赤道方向大约35°$35{}}^{\circ}$纬度的涡旋速度。为了解决这个问题,我们将基于卫星的涡旋半径推断的局部涡旋波长纳入全球涡旋速度的估计中,从而显著减少了中低纬度地区的高估偏差。这一改进与观测结果一致,即这些纬度的中尺度涡旋具有与局部变形尺度相当的长度尺度,因此不满足长波近似,而长斜压罗斯比波相速度仍然有助于捕获能量最高但较少的涡旋。修正后的理论速度与观测数据之间的差异主要源于背景纬向流的不确定性、垂直模态结构的空间变异性(以及相关的变形半径)和对局部涡旋长度尺度的估计。这些发现对理解全球海洋中长期中尺度涡旋传播和涡旋驱动混合具有重要意义,预计将有利于未来海洋模式的发展和增强中尺度涡旋动力学的预测。
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来源期刊
Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans
Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans Earth and Planetary Sciences-Oceanography
CiteScore
7.00
自引率
13.90%
发文量
429
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