Recommendations for diagnosis and treatment of the aging male with Klinefelter syndrome.

IF 2.7 4区医学 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Aging Male Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-19 DOI:10.1080/13685538.2025.2519035

Michael Zitzmann, Andrea Sansone, Emmanuele A Jannini, Hugh Jones, Alberto Ferlin, Bruno Lunenfeld

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This is the inaugural recommendation for the management of the Aging Male with Klinefelter Syndrome (KS), a demographic characterized by primary hypogonadism in the presence of one or more supernumerary X-chromosomes with irregular gene-inactivation, and metabolic dysregulation, contributing a component of functional hypogonadism as aging in these men progresses. The unique constellation of symptoms spanning multiple organ systems and health domains necessitates specialized diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Neglecting the specific needs of this population can precipitate a considerable decline in quality of life and overall health outcomes. Our recommendations advocate for a multidisciplinary approach involving endocrinologists, urologists, geneticists, mental health professionals, and other specialists, to address the complex interplay of hormonal imbalances, metabolic disorders, cardiovascular risk factors including arrhythmia, bone health concerns, psychological and sexual challenges, ophthalmological problems, and dental issues. By providing a structured framework for comprehensive and individualized care, these recommendations aim to bridge existing healthcare gaps, optimize well-being, and enhance the overall quality of life for aging men with KS.

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老年男性克氏综合征的诊断与治疗建议。

这是老年男性Klinefelter综合征（KS）治疗的首个建议。Klinefelter综合征是一种人口统计学特征为原发性性腺功能减退，存在一个或多个多余的x染色体，伴有不规则的基因失活，代谢失调，随着年龄的增长，这些男性会出现功能性性腺功能减退。独特的星座症状跨越多个器官系统和健康领域需要专门的诊断和治疗策略。忽视这一人群的具体需求可能导致生活质量和总体健康结果的大幅下降。我们建议采用多学科方法，包括内分泌学家、泌尿科医生、遗传学家、心理健康专家和其他专家，以解决激素失衡、代谢紊乱、心血管危险因素（包括心律失常）、骨骼健康问题、心理和性挑战、眼科问题和牙科问题等复杂的相互作用。通过提供全面和个性化护理的结构化框架，这些建议旨在弥合现有的医疗保健差距，优化福祉，并提高老年男性KS的整体生活质量。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Aging Male 医学-泌尿学与肾脏学

CiteScore

6.40

自引率

3.80%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： The Aging Male , the official journal of the International Society for the Study of the Aging Male, is a multidisciplinary publication covering all aspects of male health throughout the aging process. The Journal is a well-recognized and respected resource for anyone interested in keeping up to date with developments in this field. It is published quarterly in one volume per year. The Journal publishes original peer-reviewed research papers as well as review papers and other appropriate educational material that provide researchers with an integrated perspective on this new, emerging specialty. Areas of interest include, but are not limited to: Diagnosis and treatment of late-onset hypogonadism Metabolic syndrome and related conditions Treatment of erectile dysfunction and related disorders Prostate cancer and benign prostate hyperplasia.