Cosmology in Extended Parameter Space with DESI Data Release 2 Baryon Acoustic Oscillations: A 2σ+ Detection of Nonzero Neutrino Masses with an Update on Dynamical Dark Energy and Lensing Anomaly

Shouvik Roy Choudhury
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Abstract

We obtain constraints in a 12 parameter cosmological model using the recent Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument Data Release (DR) 2 Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) data, combined with cosmic microwave background (CMB) power spectra (Planck Public Release, PR, 4) and lensing (Planck PR4 + Atacama Cosmology Telescope DR 6) data, uncalibrated Type Ia supernovae (SNe) data from Pantheon+ and Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year 5 (DESY5) samples, and Weak Lensing (WL; DES Year 1) data. The cosmological model consists of six Λ cold dark matter parameters and additionally, the dynamical dark energy parameters (w0, wa), the sum of neutrino masses (∑mν), the effective number of non-photon radiation species (Neff), the scaling of the lensing amplitude (Alens), and the running of the scalar spectral index (αs). Our major findings are the following: (i) With CMB+BAO+DESY5+WL, we obtain the first 2σ+ detection of a non-zero eV (95%). Replacing DESY5 with Pantheon+ still yields a ∼1.9σ detection. (ii) The cosmological constant lies at the edge of the 95% contour with CMB+BAO+Pantheon+ but is excluded at 2σ+ with DESY5, leaving evidence for dynamical dark energy data-set dependent and inconclusive. (iii) With CMB+BAO+SNe+WL, Alens = 1 is excluded at >2σ, while it remains consistent with unity without WL data—suggesting that the existence of lensing anomaly with Planck PR4 likelihoods may depend on non-CMB data sets. (iv) The Hubble tension persists at 3.6σ–4.2σ with CMB+BAO+SNe; WL data have minimal impact.
重子声学振荡:非零中微子质量的2σ+探测与动态暗能量和透镜异常的更新
我们利用最近的暗能量光谱仪器数据发布(DR) 2重子声学振荡(BAO)数据,结合宇宙微波背景(CMB)功率谱(普朗克公开发布,PR, 4)和透镜(普朗克PR4 +阿塔卡马宇宙学望远镜DR 6)数据,来自万神殿+和暗能量调查(DES)第5年(DESY5)样本的未校准Ia型超新星(SNe)数据,以及弱透镜(WL;DES第1年数据。该宇宙学模型由6个Λ冷暗物质参数和动态暗能量参数(w0, wa)、中微子质量和(∑mν)、非光子辐射种有效数(Neff)、透镜振幅缩放(Alens)和标量谱指数运行(αs)组成。(1)利用CMB+BAO+DESY5+WL,首次获得了非零eV的2σ+探测结果(95%)。用Pantheon+替换DESY5仍然产生~ 1.9σ检测。(ii)宇宙学常数在CMB+BAO+Pantheon+ 95%轮廓线的边缘,但在DESY5中被排除在2σ+,留下了依赖于动态暗能量数据集的证据,并且不确定。(iii) CMB+BAO+SNe+WL在bbb20 σ处排除了Alens = 1,而在没有WL数据的情况下,它与统一性保持一致,这表明具有普朗克PR4可能性的透镜异常的存在可能依赖于非CMB数据集。(iv) CMB+BAO+SNe的哈勃张力维持在3.6σ-4.2σ;WL数据的影响最小。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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