Cardiac LIM Protein, Kidney Fibrosis, and Vascular Change after Acute Cardiorenal Syndrome.

Abstract

BACKGROUND Heart and kidney are bi-directionally interacting organs. Because heart and kidney disease are amongst the most common human diseases, investigating disease-causing interactions is important. Here, we identified a new role for cardiac-derived cardiac LIM protein, also known as cysteine-and-glycine-rich protein 3 (CSRP3), in acute cardiorenal syndrome. METHODS Mice, both wild-type and genetically-altered to remove CSRP3 from the myocardium, were subjected to a model of acute cardiorenal syndrome, cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CA/CPR), or ischemia-reperfusion injury. Recombinant CSRP3 was administered to mice subjected to ischemia-reperfusion injury, and CSRP3 uptake in the kidney was inhibited by pharmacologic means. RESULTS We found that CSRP3 transits the plasma after CA/CPR, and determined a kidney disease-modifying mechanism in which CSRP3 underwent megalin-dependent endocytosis in the renal proximal tubule and subsequently drove kidney fibrosis. Administration of CSRP3 to mice experiencing kidney injury exclusive of heart injury reproduced the kidney phenotype observed in CA/CPR mice. Genetic deletion of cardiac CSRP3 or proximal tubule megalin ameliorated cardiac arrest-induced chronic kidney injury. Translationally-relevant pharmacologic megalin inhibition also ameliorated CSRP3-mediated kidney phenotypic change, and administration of CSRP3 caused transcriptional change in the kidney. CONCLUSIONS We describe the endocrine role of cardiac CSRP3 in a previously unknown heart-kidney interaction which directs specific kidney dysfunction and renovascular remodeling after cardiac injury. These investigations elucidate a novel facet of the intricate coupling between heart and kidney after acute cardiorenal syndrome.