Impact of COVID-19 on the incidence of visceral leishmaniasis in children and adolescents in the Northeast region, 2007-2022: time series study.

Epidemiologia e servicos de saude : revista do Sistema Unico de Saude do Brasil Pub Date : 2025-06-13 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1590/S2237-96222025v34e20240382.en

Pedro Henrique Ferreira Dos Santos, Bruna Rykelly Ramos Dos Santos, Karol Fireman de Farias

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Abstract

Objective: To assess the impact of COVID-19 on the incidence of visceral leishmaniasis in children and adolescents living in the Northeast region of Brazil.

Methods: Time series study with data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System, from the study of population estimates by municipality, age and sex from 2000 to 2021, and from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. An analysis of the temporal trends of the incidence rate was performed using the Joinpoint software, calculating the average annual percentage variation (AAPV) and its 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). The percentage variation in incidence rates from 2020 to 2022 was also calculated to check whether they were below or above what was expected for the year and territory.

Results: From 2007 to 2022, 13,890 new cases of visceral leishmaniasis were reported in children and adolescents in Northeast Brazil. Changes in trends were identified with the addition of the years of the COVID-19 pandemic, from 2020 to 2022, in the Northeast: AAPV (2007-2019) 0.44; 95%CI -2.23; 3.18; AAPV (2007-2022) -7.95; 95%CI -13.63; -1.88), Pernambuco: AAPV (2007-2019) 6.77; 95%CI 2.04; 11.71; AAPV (2007-2022) -1.40; 95%CI -8.75; 6.53 and Alagoas: AAPV (2007-2019) 11.51; 95%CI 4.90; 18.53; AAPV (2007-2022) -1.33; 95%CI -14.89; 14.40).

Conclusion: The Northeast and its states where changes in temporal trends were observed after the COVID-19 pandemic are priorities for the intensification of actions to combat and control the disease.

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2007-2022年2019冠状病毒病对东北地区儿童和青少年内脏利什曼病发病率的影响：时间序列研究

目的：了解2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）对巴西东北部地区儿童和青少年内脏利什曼病发病率的影响。方法：时间序列研究数据来自法定传染病信息系统、2000年至2021年按城市、年龄和性别分列的人口估计研究以及巴西地理和统计研究所。使用Joinpoint软件对发病率的时间趋势进行分析，计算平均年百分比变化（AAPV）及其95%置信区间（95% ci）。还计算了2020年至2022年发病率的百分比变化，以检查它们是低于还是高于该年份和地区的预期。结果：2007年至2022年，巴西东北部儿童和青少年报告了13890例内脏利什曼病新病例。在东北地区，加上2019冠状病毒病大流行年份（2020年至2022年），趋势发生了变化：AAPV（2007-2019年）0.44；95%可信区间-2.23;3.18;Aapv (2007-2022) -7.95；95%可信区间-13.63;-1.88)，伯南布哥：AAPV (2007-2019) 6.77；95%可信区间2.04;11.71;Aapv (2007-2022) -1.40；95%可信区间-8.75;6.53和阿拉戈斯：AAPV (2007-2019) 11.51；95%可信区间4.90;18.53;Aapv (2007-2022) -1.33；95%可信区间-14.89;14.40)。结论：新冠肺炎疫情大流行后，东北及东北地区应优先加强疫情防控工作。

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Epidemiologia e servicos de saude : revista do Sistema Unico de Saude do Brasil

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