Poisoning due to medication dosing errors in Spain

Johanna Ramírez-Romero, Claudia Cifuentes, Beatriz Azkunaga, Santiago Mintegi, Grupo de Trabajo de Intoxicaciones de la Sociedad Española de Urgencias Pediátricas
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Abstract

Introduction

Dosage errors are a common mechanism of poisoning in childhood. The aim of this study was to analyze the characteristics and management of poisoning secondary to dosage errors in pediatric emergency departments (EDs) in Spain.

Methodology

Study based on a prospective register of poisonings documented in 58 Spanish EDs participating in the Toxicology Surveillance Observatory of the Spanish Society of Paediatric Emergency Medicine (SEUP) between 2008 and 2023.

Results

The register documented 3429 episodes of exposure to toxic substances, of which 289 (8.4%) were medication dosing errors, with a vast majority occurring in the home setting. Seventy-eight (27.0%) occurred in children aged less than 1 year (amounting to 37.9% of poisonings in this age group and 85.0% of poisonings in infants aged less than 3 mo). Overall, the most commonly involved medications were antipyretics/analgesics (35.6%, mainly paracetamol), with significant differences depending on patient age. Forty-nine of the patients (17.0%) were symptomatic, 118 (41.8%) underwent additional testing, 83 (28.7%) received treatment, and 115 (39.8%) were admitted to the ED observation unit or to hospital. All had favorable outcomes.

Conclusions

Medication dosing errors constitute an important mechanism of poisoning, especially in children aged less than 1 year, leading to a significant number of interventions in EDs. Preventive measures aimed at educating families to avoid these poisonings should be considered.

Abstract Image

西班牙因用药剂量错误导致的中毒。
剂量错误是儿童中毒的常见机制。本研究的目的是分析西班牙儿科急诊科(EDs)剂量错误继发中毒的特点和处理。方法:基于2008年至2023年间西班牙儿科急诊医学学会(SEUP)毒理学监测观测站58名西班牙急诊科医生记录的前瞻性中毒登记册的研究。结果:登记记录了3429次有毒物质暴露事件,其中289次(8.4%)是药物剂量错误,绝大多数发生在家庭环境中。78例(27.0%)发生在1 岁以下的儿童中(占该年龄组中毒的37.9%,占3 岁以下婴儿中毒的85.0%)。总体而言,最常涉及的药物是退烧药/镇痛药(35.6%,主要是扑热息痛),根据患者年龄有显著差异。其中49例(17.0%)出现症状,118例(41.8%)接受了额外检查,83例(28.7%)接受了治疗,115例(39.8%)被送入急诊科观察或住院。所有的结果都很好。结论:给药错误是中毒的重要机制,尤其在1 岁以下儿童中,导致急诊科采取大量干预措施。应考虑采取旨在教育家庭避免这些中毒的预防措施。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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