[Uncharacteristic soft tissue injuries detectable in cases of death from general accidental hypothermia].

Q4 Medicine
A Yu Chudakov, I A Tolmachev, A A Kuznetsova
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

General accidental hypothermia, which leads to death, is a complex problem, the scale of which is significantly underestimated. Statistics on mortality from general deep hypothermia are underreported because the diagnosis is often established after the fact, especially if death occurs in conditions complicating the body discovery or the cause of death determination. Many cases of death, erroneously classified as cardiovascular diseases or other causes, may actually be the result of long-term exposure to cold. In such situations, especially in remote areas or in the absence of proper forensic examination, the true cause of death may remain unknown.

Objective: To describe the local signs of human death from hypothermia.

Material and methods: In order to establish additional local signs of death from hypothermia, the findings of forensic experts and personal observations on the corpses of people who died from hypothermia on land (150 observations) were analyzed, as well as the personal photo archives of A.Yu. Chudakov.

Results: The article describes uncharacteristic but very common soft tissue injuries for death from general hypothermia, including bite wounds of the fingers, abrasions, minor wounds on the back of the hands and fingers, detached nails from terminal self-digging, linear stripe-like abrasions on the face, wounds and bruises on the face and head, areas of the elbow and knee joints, which may indicate events that occurred in the terminal phase and some other data.

Conclusion: Diagnosis of death from hypothermia requires a comprehensive approach, including inspection of the accident site (place of the corpse's discovery), analysis of history, external examination, forensic investigation, histological examination, as well as toxicological and other laboratory tests. Only a comprehensive analysis of all the data allows to establish the exact cause of death and exclude other factors. The mechanisms of human behavior in cooling are complex and require further research, including the study of neurochemical processes occurring in the brain under critical hypothermia.

[在一般意外体温过低死亡病例中可检测到的非特征性软组织损伤]。
一般意外性体温过低会导致死亡,这是一个复杂的问题,其规模被大大低估了。一般深度低温的死亡率统计数据被低估了,因为诊断通常是在事后才确定的,特别是如果死亡发生在使尸体发现或死亡原因确定复杂化的情况下。许多死亡案例被错误地归类为心血管疾病或其他原因,实际上可能是长期暴露于寒冷的结果。在这种情况下,特别是在偏远地区或在没有适当法医检查的情况下,真正的死亡原因可能仍然不明。目的:描述低温致死的局部体征。材料和方法:为了建立更多的局部低温死亡迹象,我们分析了法医专家的发现和对陆地上因低温死亡的人的尸体的个人观察(150次观察),以及A.Yu的个人照片档案。Chudakov。结果:本文描述了一般低温致死的非特征性但非常常见的软组织损伤,包括手指的咬伤、擦伤、手背和手指的轻伤、末端自挖指甲脱落、面部线状条纹状擦伤、面部和头部、肘关节和膝关节区域的伤口和瘀伤,这些可能表明发生在终末期的事件以及其他一些数据。结论:低温致死的诊断需要全面的方法,包括检查事故现场(发现尸体的地方)、分析病史、外部检查、法医调查、组织学检查以及毒理学和其他实验室检查。只有对所有数据进行全面分析,才能确定确切的死亡原因,并排除其他因素。人类降温行为的机制是复杂的,需要进一步的研究,包括研究在低温下大脑中发生的神经化学过程。
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来源期刊
Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa
Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa Medicine-Pathology and Forensic Medicine
CiteScore
0.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
70
期刊介绍: The journal is concerned with the theory and practice of forensic medicine - the problems of thanatology, traumatology, toxicology, serology, forensic obstetrics, forensic dentistry, forensic psychiatry, forensic chemistry, physicotechnical methods of investigation, history of forensic medicine and some problems of criminology and legal laws related to forensic medicine. It publishes original studies by Russian authors, casuistry surveys, abstracts and reviews of Russian and foreign literature, scientific information, reports on scientific conferences.
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