Current Understanding of Epithelial-Derived Alarmins in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps.

IF 8.4 2区医学 Q1 ALLERGY

Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI:10.1007/s12016-025-09073-y

Fuying Cheng, Yizhang Wang, Yingqi Gao, Chen Zhang, Qianqian Zhang, Jiani Chen, Yumin Zhou, Le Shi, Li Hu, Huan Wang, Yaguang Zhang, Xicai Sun

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a multifactorial inflammatory condition characterized by persistent sinus inflammation and tissue remodeling. Epithelial-derived alarmins, including thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), interleukin-33 (IL-33), and interleukin-25 (IL-25), are critical mediators that initiate and amplify immune responses in CRSwNP. These alarmins are secreted by stressed or damaged nasal epithelial cells in response to environmental insults, such as allergens, microbial infections, pollutants, and proteases. Once released, they orchestrate immune cell activation and amplify inflammatory pathways. Targeting epithelial-derived alarmins has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for CRSwNP, with several biologics, including TSLP and IL-33 inhibitors, showing encouraging clinical outcomes. This review focuses on the role of epithelial-derived alarmins in CRSwNP, examining their expression patterns, regulatory mechanisms, and contributions to inflammation, evaluating the current progress in alarmin-targeted therapies, and exploring future research directions to optimize their clinical application.

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目前对慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉的上皮源性警报的认识。

慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉（CRSwNP）是一种多因素炎症，以持续鼻窦炎症和组织重塑为特征。上皮来源的警报器，包括胸腺基质淋巴生成素（TSLP）、白细胞介素-33 （IL-33）和白细胞介素-25 (IL-25)，是启动和放大CRSwNP免疫反应的关键介质。这些警报器是由应激或受损的鼻上皮细胞分泌的，以应对环境的损害，如过敏原、微生物感染、污染物和蛋白酶。一旦释放，它们就会协调免疫细胞激活并放大炎症途径。靶向上皮源性警报器已成为治疗CRSwNP的一种有前景的治疗策略，包括TSLP和IL-33抑制剂在内的几种生物制剂显示出令人鼓舞的临床结果。本文综述了上皮源性报警蛋白在CRSwNP中的作用，探讨了其表达模式、调控机制及其对炎症的贡献，评估了目前报警蛋白靶向治疗的进展，并探讨了未来的研究方向，以优化其临床应用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology 医学-过敏

CiteScore

22.30

自引率

1.10%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology is a scholarly journal that focuses on the advancement of clinical management in allergic and immunologic diseases. The journal publishes both scholarly reviews and experimental papers that address the current state of managing these diseases, placing new data into perspective. Each issue of the journal is dedicated to a specific theme of critical importance to allergists and immunologists, aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding of the subject matter for a wide readership. The journal is particularly helpful in explaining how novel data impacts clinical management, along with advancements such as standardized protocols for allergy skin testing and challenge procedures, as well as improved understanding of cell biology. Ultimately, the journal aims to contribute to the improvement of care and management for patients with immune-mediated diseases.