[Microsatellite instability as a possible diagnostic marker of the gastric mucosa dysplasia].

Q4 Medicine

Arkhiv patologii Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI:10.17116/patol2025870315

A V Kononov, V A Rubtsov, M N Parygina, E V Demidova, S I Mozgovoi, E G Pomorgailo, A G Shimanskaya, M V Markelova

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the MMR system proteins and the MSI status of regenerative (indefinite for dysplasia) and pronounced (epithelial dysplasia) gastric mucosa precancerous lesions in the comparison with cancer to determine their possible potential as a diagnostic markers of gastric mucosa dysplasia.

Material and methods: The study included 2 groups of gastric mucosa specimens: (1) 150 biopsy gastric mucosa specimens: 43 with low-grade dysplasia, 32 with high-grade dysplasia, 75 - indefinite for dysplasia; (2) 155 cancer tissue specimens from resected stomachs. Gastric mucosa specimens were examined histologically, immunohistochemically using mouse monoclonal antibodies to the MMR system proteins: MLH-1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2 (Diagnostic BioSystems, USA). MSI was studied with multiplex PCR evaluation of DNA microsatellites (NR-21, NR-24, NR-27, BAT-25, BAT-26) from paraffin sections, their analysis with capillary electrophoresis. The obtained data were processed with the Statistica 10.0 (StatSoft, USA), presented using descriptive, analytical statistics.

Results: MSI was detected by immunohistochemistry in 8% (n=6) of the studied cases of low/high grade dysplasia, which does not have statistically significant differences from the distribution of MSI in the gastric cancer group (12% of microsatellite-unstable cases (n=18)) (p=0.49). MSI was not detected in any indefinite for dysplasia case.

Conclusion: Detection of microsatellite instability in gastric mucosa dysplasia indicates the likelihood of its occurrence at the early stages of the carcinogenesis cascade and makes it possible to use it to assess the risk of gastric cancer associated with microsatellite instability. The absence of instability in cases indefinite for dysplasia determines the possibility of its use for differential diagnosis of truly neoplastic and regenerative/reactive changes in the gastric mucosa.

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[微卫星不稳定性作为胃粘膜发育不良的可能诊断标志]。

目的：评价再生（不确定为不典型增生）和明显（上皮不典型增生）胃粘膜癌前病变的MMR系统蛋白和MSI状态，并与癌进行比较，以确定其作为胃粘膜不典型增生诊断标志物的潜力。材料与方法：本研究包括2组胃黏膜标本：(1)胃黏膜活检标本150例，低度不典型增生43例，高度不典型增生32例，不典型增生75例（不确定）；(2) 155例切除胃癌组织标本。采用MMR系统蛋白的小鼠单克隆抗体：MLH-1、MSH2、MSH6、PMS2（美国诊断生物系统公司）对胃粘膜标本进行组织学和免疫组织化学检查。对石蜡切片的DNA微卫星（NR-21、NR-24、NR-27、BAT-25、BAT-26）进行多重PCR评价，并进行毛细管电泳分析。获得的数据用Statistica 10.0 （StatSoft， USA）进行处理，采用描述性分析统计。结果：8% （n=6）的低/高级别非典型增生患者免疫组化检测到MSI，与胃癌组（微卫星不稳定病例12% (n=18)）的MSI分布无统计学差异（p=0.49）。在任何不确定的不典型增生病例中未检测到MSI。结论：在胃粘膜发育不良中检测到微卫星不稳定性，提示其在癌变级联早期发生的可能性，可用于评价微卫星不稳定性相关胃癌的风险。在不确定的不稳定的不典型增生病例中，确定了它用于鉴别胃粘膜真正的肿瘤和再生/反应性变化的可能性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Arkhiv patologii Medicine-Pathology and Forensic Medicine

CiteScore

0.90

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： The journal deals with original investigations on pressing problems of general pathology and pathologic anatomy, newest research methods, major issues of the theory and practice as well as problems of experimental, comparative and geographic pathology. To inform readers latest achievements of Russian and foreign medicine the journal regularly publishes editorial and survey articles, reviews of the most interesting Russian and foreign books on pathologic anatomy, new data on modern methods of investigation (histochemistry, electron microscopy, autoradiography, etc.), about problems of teaching, articles on the history of pathological anatomy development both in Russia and abroad.