A comprehensive review on hardware implementations of lattice-based cryptographic schemes

IF 3.7 2区计算机科学 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, HARDWARE & ARCHITECTURE

Journal of Systems Architecture Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI:10.1016/j.sysarc.2025.103486

Shaik Ahmadunnisa, Sudha Ellison Mathe

引用次数: 0

Abstract

The rise in threats from large-scale quantum computer has driven significant advancements in the field of Post Quantum Cryptography (PQC). In this context, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has initiated a call to standardize PQC schemes. Among all the PQC schemes, lattice-based cryptography (LBC) is considered one of the most viable due to its robust security proofs and ease of implementation. In this paper, we survey the mathematical hardness of lattice-based schemes, and provide a comprehensive review of the existing hardware implementations for LBC schemes. Further, we also provide a review of the hardware optimization techniques involved in the existing designs. We give certain approaches for advancing our research to ensure an efficient and secure cryptosystem.

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基于格的加密方案的硬件实现综述

大规模量子计算机威胁的增加推动了后量子密码学（PQC）领域的重大进步。在这种背景下，美国国家标准与技术研究所（NIST）发起了一项对PQC方案进行标准化的呼吁。在所有PQC方案中，基于格的加密（LBC）由于其强大的安全性证明和易于实现而被认为是最可行的PQC方案之一。在本文中，我们调查了基于格的方案的数学硬度，并提供了一个全面的回顾现有的硬件实现的LBC方案。此外，我们还提供了现有设计中涉及的硬件优化技术的回顾。我们提出了一些方法来推进我们的研究，以确保有效和安全的密码系统。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Systems Architecture 工程技术-计算机：硬件

CiteScore

8.70

自引率

15.60%

发文量

226

审稿时长

46 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Systems Architecture: Embedded Software Design (JSA) is a journal covering all design and architectural aspects related to embedded systems and software. It ranges from the microarchitecture level via the system software level up to the application-specific architecture level. Aspects such as real-time systems, operating systems, FPGA programming, programming languages, communications (limited to analysis and the software stack), mobile systems, parallel and distributed architectures as well as additional subjects in the computer and system architecture area will fall within the scope of this journal. Technology will not be a main focus, but its use and relevance to particular designs will be. Case studies are welcome but must contribute more than just a design for a particular piece of software. Design automation of such systems including methodologies, techniques and tools for their design as well as novel designs of software components fall within the scope of this journal. Novel applications that use embedded systems are also central in this journal. While hardware is not a part of this journal hardware/software co-design methods that consider interplay between software and hardware components with and emphasis on software are also relevant here.