RAFT Step-Growth polymerization via the Z-group approach using xanthate and vinyl ether

IF 5.8 2区化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE

European Polymer Journal Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114073

Qing Li, Xiaofeng Pan, Qingsong Ying, Wenxuan Zhu, Juntao Hu, Jiajia Li, Jian Zhu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The development of degradable vinyl polymers is an urgent challenge in polymer chemistry. Herein, we report a ‘Z-group’ RAFT step-growth polymerization strategy based on xanthate and vinyl ether monomers, enabling the construction of polymers with thiocarbonylthio groups embedded directly into the polymer backbone. These polymers are synthesized under mild conditions such as visible light and catalyst-free, using both AB-type and A₂ + B₂-type monomers. The step-growth nature of the polymerization is confirmed by ¹H NMR and SEC analyses. The resulting backbones can undergo controlled degradation via phosphine-based reduction, yielding oligomeric fragments. Furthermore, the step-growth polymers serve as macroRAFT agents for subsequent radical or cationic chain-growth polymerizations, enabling the construction of degradable multiblock copolymers using either vinyl acetate (VAc) or isobutyl vinyl ether (IBVE). This work broadens the scope of RAFT step-growth polymerization toward less activated monomers and provides a facile way for the design of degradable functional polymers.

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用黄原酸盐和乙烯基醚通过z基团法进行RAFT阶梯生长聚合

开发可降解的乙烯基聚合物是高分子化学领域亟待解决的问题。在此，我们报告了一种基于黄药和乙烯醚单体的“z -基团”RAFT步长聚合策略，使得构建具有硫代羰基硫代基团直接嵌入聚合物主链的聚合物成为可能。这些聚合物是在可见光和无催化剂等温和条件下合成的，使用ab型和A2 + b2型单体。1H NMR和SEC分析证实了聚合反应的阶梯生长性质。由此产生的骨架可以通过膦基还原进行可控降解，产生低聚碎片。此外，阶梯生长聚合物可作为后续自由基或阳离子链生长聚合的macroRAFT试剂，从而可以使用醋酸乙烯酯（VAc）或异丁基乙烯醚（IBVE）构建可降解的多嵌段共聚物。这项工作拓宽了RAFT阶梯生长聚合的范围，为设计可降解的功能聚合物提供了一种简便的方法。

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来源期刊

European Polymer Journal 化学-高分子科学

CiteScore

9.90

自引率

10.00%

发文量

691

审稿时长

23 days

期刊介绍： European Polymer Journal is dedicated to publishing work on fundamental and applied polymer chemistry and macromolecular materials. The journal covers all aspects of polymer synthesis, including polymerization mechanisms and chemical functional transformations, with a focus on novel polymers and the relationships between molecular structure and polymer properties. In addition, we welcome submissions on bio-based or renewable polymers, stimuli-responsive systems and polymer bio-hybrids. European Polymer Journal also publishes research on the biomedical application of polymers, including drug delivery and regenerative medicine. The main scope is covered but not limited to the following core research areas: Polymer synthesis and functionalization • Novel synthetic routes for polymerization, functional modification, controlled/living polymerization and precision polymers. Stimuli-responsive polymers • Including shape memory and self-healing polymers. Supramolecular polymers and self-assembly • Molecular recognition and higher order polymer structures. Renewable and sustainable polymers • Bio-based, biodegradable and anti-microbial polymers and polymeric bio-nanocomposites. Polymers at interfaces and surfaces • Chemistry and engineering of surfaces with biological relevance, including patterning, antifouling polymers and polymers for membrane applications. Biomedical applications and nanomedicine • Polymers for regenerative medicine, drug delivery molecular release and gene therapy The scope of European Polymer Journal no longer includes Polymer Physics.