Richard Drexler, Antonia Drinnenberg, Avishai Gavish, Belgin Yalçin, Kiarash Shamardani, Abigail E. Rogers, Rebecca Mancusi, Vrunda Trivedi, Kathryn R. Taylor, Yoon Seok Kim, Pamelyn J. Woo, Neeraj Soni, Minhui Su, Alexandre Ravel, Eva Tatlock, Alexandra Midler, Samuel H. Wu, Charu Ramakrishnan, Ritchie Chen, Alberto E. Ayala-Sarmiento, Michelle Monje
{"title":"Cholinergic neuronal activity promotes diffuse midline glioma growth through muscarinic signaling","authors":"Richard Drexler, Antonia Drinnenberg, Avishai Gavish, Belgin Yalçin, Kiarash Shamardani, Abigail E. Rogers, Rebecca Mancusi, Vrunda Trivedi, Kathryn R. Taylor, Yoon Seok Kim, Pamelyn J. Woo, Neeraj Soni, Minhui Su, Alexandre Ravel, Eva Tatlock, Alexandra Midler, Samuel H. Wu, Charu Ramakrishnan, Ritchie Chen, Alberto E. Ayala-Sarmiento, Michelle Monje","doi":"10.1016/j.cell.2025.05.031","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Glutamatergic neuronal activity promotes proliferation of both oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and gliomas, including diffuse midline glioma (DMG). However, the role of neuromodulatory brainstem neurons projecting to midline structures where DMGs arise remains unexplored. Here, we demonstrate that midbrain cholinergic neuronal activity modulates OPC and DMG proliferation in a circuit-dependent manner. Optogenetic stimulation of the cholinergic pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) promotes glioma growth in pons, while stimulation of the laterodorsal tegmentum nucleus (LDT) drives proliferation in thalamus. DMG-bearing mice exhibit higher acetylcholine release and increased cholinergic neuronal activity over the disease course. In co-culture, cholinergic neurons enhance DMG proliferation, and acetylcholine directly acts on DMG cells. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed high CHRM1 and CHRM3 expression in primary DMG samples. Pharmacological or genetic blockade of M1/M3 receptors abolished cholinergic activity-driven DMG proliferation. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that midbrain cholinergic long-range projections promote activity-dependent DMG growth, mirroring a parallel proliferative effect on healthy OPCs.","PeriodicalId":9656,"journal":{"name":"Cell","volume":"145 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":45.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Cell","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2025.05.031","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Glutamatergic neuronal activity promotes proliferation of both oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and gliomas, including diffuse midline glioma (DMG). However, the role of neuromodulatory brainstem neurons projecting to midline structures where DMGs arise remains unexplored. Here, we demonstrate that midbrain cholinergic neuronal activity modulates OPC and DMG proliferation in a circuit-dependent manner. Optogenetic stimulation of the cholinergic pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) promotes glioma growth in pons, while stimulation of the laterodorsal tegmentum nucleus (LDT) drives proliferation in thalamus. DMG-bearing mice exhibit higher acetylcholine release and increased cholinergic neuronal activity over the disease course. In co-culture, cholinergic neurons enhance DMG proliferation, and acetylcholine directly acts on DMG cells. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed high CHRM1 and CHRM3 expression in primary DMG samples. Pharmacological or genetic blockade of M1/M3 receptors abolished cholinergic activity-driven DMG proliferation. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that midbrain cholinergic long-range projections promote activity-dependent DMG growth, mirroring a parallel proliferative effect on healthy OPCs.
期刊介绍:
Cells is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal that focuses on cell biology, molecular biology, and biophysics. It is affiliated with several societies, including the Spanish Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (SEBBM), Nordic Autophagy Society (NAS), Spanish Society of Hematology and Hemotherapy (SEHH), and Society for Regenerative Medicine (Russian Federation) (RPO).
The journal publishes research findings of significant importance in various areas of experimental biology, such as cell biology, molecular biology, neuroscience, immunology, virology, microbiology, cancer, human genetics, systems biology, signaling, and disease mechanisms and therapeutics. The primary criterion for considering papers is whether the results contribute to significant conceptual advances or raise thought-provoking questions and hypotheses related to interesting and important biological inquiries.
In addition to primary research articles presented in four formats, Cells also features review and opinion articles in its "leading edge" section, discussing recent research advancements and topics of interest to its wide readership.