Sulfur-inspired layered g-C3N4-incorporated NiFe2S4 nanocomposite for electrochemical and real-time detection of vanillin in food samples

IF 5.5 3区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI:10.1016/j.jtice.2025.106228

Arun Tamilselvan , Meenakumari Gopakumar Gopika , Aravinth Karuppanan , Beena Saraswathyamma , Norah A. Albassami , Mani Govindasamy

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Vanillin is a widely used flavoring agent and plays a crucial role in food safety, making its accurate detection essential. Developing sensitive and cost-effective methods for vanillin detection is vital for ensuring food quality and consumer protection.

Methods

This study introduces a novel sulfur-engineered g-C₃N₄/NiFe₂S₄ nanocomposite synthesized via a simple and scalable method. The composite was employed to modify a glassy carbon electrode (GCE), significantly improving its electrochemical properties. Structural and morphological characterizations confirmed the successful integration of g-C₃N₄ with NiFe₂S₄. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was conducted under optimized conditions (pH 7).

Significant Findings

The modified GCE exhibited a substantially enhanced oxidation peak current for vanillin, indicating superior electrocatalytic activity. The sensor achieved a wide linear detection range (0.01 - 360 µmol l^-1), a low detection limit (0.00031 µmol l^-1), and excellent selectivity, stability, repeatability, and reproducibility. Uniquely, the synergy between g-C₃N₄ and NiFe₂S₄ provided enhanced charge transfer and surface activity. Application of the sensor to real food samples including ice cream, wafers, and coffee demonstrated accurate recovery and practical feasibility, underscoring its potential as a reliable tool for food safety monitoring in real-world scenarios.

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硫激发层状g- c3n4 - NiFe2S4纳米复合材料用于食品样品中香兰素的电化学和实时检测

香兰素是一种广泛使用的调味剂，在食品安全中起着至关重要的作用，其准确检测至关重要。开发灵敏和成本效益高的香兰素检测方法对于确保食品质量和保护消费者至关重要。方法采用简单、可扩展的方法合成了一种新型硫工程g-C3N4/NiFe2S4纳米复合材料。将该复合材料用于修饰玻碳电极（GCE），显著改善了其电化学性能。结构和形态表征证实了g-C3N4与NiFe2S4的成功整合。在优化条件（pH 7）下进行差分脉冲伏安法（DPV）。修饰后的GCE对香兰素的氧化峰电流明显增强，表明具有较好的电催化活性。该传感器具有较宽的线性检测范围（0.01 ~ 360µmol l-1），较低的检出限（0.00031µmol l-1），具有良好的选择性、稳定性、重复性和再现性。独特的是，g-C3N4和NiFe2S4之间的协同作用增强了电荷转移和表面活性。该传感器在包括冰淇淋、薄饼和咖啡在内的真实食品样品中的应用证明了其准确的回收和实际可行性，强调了其作为现实世界中食品安全监测可靠工具的潜力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers 工程技术-工程：化工

CiteScore

9.10

自引率

14.00%

发文量

362

审稿时长

35 days

期刊介绍： Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers (formerly known as Journal of the Chinese Institute of Chemical Engineers) publishes original works, from fundamental principles to practical applications, in the broad field of chemical engineering with special focus on three aspects: Chemical and Biomolecular Science and Technology, Energy and Environmental Science and Technology, and Materials Science and Technology. Authors should choose for their manuscript an appropriate aspect section and a few related classifications when submitting to the journal online.