Oral adjuvanted Vibrio vaccine enhances antibody production and lysozyme activity in the serum and mucus of marine-cultured red hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) against V. harveyi and V. alginolyticus

IF 4.1 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Fish & shellfish immunology Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI:10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110503

Tilusha Manchanayake , Aslah Mohamad , Zahaludin Amir-Danial , Nadirah Abu Nor , Chin Yong-Kit , Muhammad Farhan Nazarudin , Roslindawani Md Nor , Qistina Hasnan , Mohd Zamri-Saad , Mohammad Noor Azmai Amal , Md Yasin Ina-Salwany , Annas Salleh

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Vibriosis, caused by Vibrio species, is a significant issue in marine aquaculture. Vibrio species such as Vibrio harveyi, V. alginolyticus, and V. vulnificus threaten fish health, and the use of antibiotics raises public health concerns, highlighting the need for vaccination. This study explores a formalin-killed feed-based vaccine against V. harveyi, with an oil adjuvant to boost immune responses in marine-cultured red hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis sp.), aiming for cross-protection against various Vibrio species. A total of 450 red hybrid tilapia were divided into three groups: oil-adjuvanted vaccine feed, non-adjuvanted vaccine feed, and control feed. Immune responses in the mucus and serum, indicated by IgM levels and lysozyme activity, were assessed following oral vaccination at weeks 0, 2, and 6 over a 16-week period. Vaccinated fish exhibited significantly higher IgM levels in both mucus and serum against V. harveyi and V. alginolyticus, with oil-adjuvanted vaccine feed group showing peak mucus IgM of 0.47 ± 0.05 OD at week 8 for V. harveyi and consistently higher levels than unvaccinated control group for both Vibrio species from weeks 4–16 (p < 0.05). Similarly, lysozyme activity in the oil-adjuvanted vaccine feed group was significantly elevated, with peak values of 80.83 ± 17.03 U/mg in mucus and 204.27 ± 32.27 U/mg in serum at week 4, higher than the non-adjuvanted and unvaccinated groups across the study period (p < 0.05). The oil-adjuvanted oral Vibrio vaccine significantly enhanced IgM antibody levels and lysozyme activity in both serum and mucus of red hybrid tilapia, indicating strong mucosal and systemic immune responses against V. harveyi and V. alginolyticus. The oral delivery and cross-protective effects of this vaccine support its suitability for farm-level vaccination programs, aiming to reduce antibiotic use and enhance fish health management.

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口服佐剂弧菌疫苗可提高海洋养殖红色杂交罗非鱼（Oreochromis sp.）血清和黏液中抗哈维弧菌和溶藻弧菌的抗体产量和溶菌酶活性

由弧菌引起的弧菌病是海洋水产养殖中的一个重要问题。哈维弧菌、溶藻弧菌和创伤弧菌等弧菌物种威胁鱼类健康，抗生素的使用引起了公共卫生关注，突出了接种疫苗的必要性。本研究探索了一种福尔马林灭活的饲料基harveyi弧菌疫苗，并添加油佐剂，以增强海洋养殖的红色杂交罗非鱼（Oreochromis sp.）的免疫反应，旨在交叉保护各种弧菌。将450尾红杂罗非鱼分为油佐剂疫苗饲料、无佐剂疫苗饲料和对照饲料3组。通过IgM水平和溶菌酶活性来评估黏液和血清中的免疫应答，在第0、2和6周的16周内进行口服疫苗接种。接种疫苗的鱼在黏液和血清中对哈维伊弧菌和溶藻弧菌的IgM水平显著提高，油佐剂疫苗饲料组黏液中对哈维伊弧菌的IgM水平在第8周达到峰值0.47±0.05 OD，从第4-16周开始，这两种弧菌的IgM水平一直高于未接种疫苗的对照组(p <；0.05)。同样，油佐剂疫苗饲料组溶菌酶活性显著升高，第4周黏液溶菌酶活性峰值为80.83±17.03 U/mg，血清溶菌酶活性峰值为204.27±32.27 U/mg，在整个研究期间均高于无佐剂和未接种疫苗组(p <；0.05)。口服弧菌油佐剂疫苗显著提高了红色杂交罗非鱼血清和黏液中IgM抗体水平和溶菌酶活性，表明对哈威氏弧菌和溶藻弧菌有较强的粘膜和全身免疫反应。该疫苗的口服给药和交叉保护作用支持其适用于养殖场疫苗接种计划，旨在减少抗生素的使用并加强鱼类健康管理。

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来源期刊

Fish & shellfish immunology 农林科学-海洋与淡水生物学

CiteScore

7.50

自引率

19.10%

发文量

750

审稿时长

68 days

期刊介绍： Fish and Shellfish Immunology rapidly publishes high-quality, peer-refereed contributions in the expanding fields of fish and shellfish immunology. It presents studies on the basic mechanisms of both the specific and non-specific defense systems, the cells, tissues, and humoral factors involved, their dependence on environmental and intrinsic factors, response to pathogens, response to vaccination, and applied studies on the development of specific vaccines for use in the aquaculture industry.