Treatment of Chondral Defect of the Knee Joint - Current Methods, Possibilities of Using Cultured Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Libor Prokeš, Tomáš Kučera
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Abstract

Cartilage damage is caused by degenerative process and also by trauma, microtrauma or as a consequence of avascular necrosis. The damage may be focal or diffuse over a larger area. Because of the limited healing potential, treatment of articular cartilage injuries is problematic. The choice of surgical treatment depends on several factors: the size, depth and location of the defect, the age of the patient, the desired activity, associated changes and the possibility of postoperative rehabilitation. Finding an appropriate method of treatment for chondral defects with a reliable long-term outcome is difficult. The most common, clinically proven and used surgical techniques include abrasive chondroplasty, marrow stimulating techniques, transplantation procedures or a combination of methods. The possibility of introducing new methods in the form of the application of cultured mesenchymal stem cells represents a significant advance in the field of regenerative medicine. Their use is safe and effective.

膝关节软骨缺损的治疗-现有方法,利用培养间充质干细胞的可能性。
软骨损伤可由退行性过程引起,也可由创伤、微创伤或无血管坏死引起。损伤可能是局部的,也可能是大面积扩散的。由于愈合潜力有限,关节软骨损伤的治疗是有问题的。手术治疗的选择取决于几个因素:缺损的大小、深度和位置、患者的年龄、期望的活动、相关的变化和术后康复的可能性。寻找一个合适的方法治疗软骨缺损和可靠的长期结果是困难的。最常见的、经临床证实和使用的手术技术包括磨蚀性软骨成形术、骨髓刺激技术、移植程序或多种方法的结合。以培养间充质干细胞的应用形式引入新方法的可能性代表了再生医学领域的重大进步。它们的使用是安全有效的。
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