[Guidelines for the basic management of chronic kidney disease].

Abstract

This article outlines the 2024 KDIGO («Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes») guidelines to slow the progression of chronic kidney disease in adults. Non-pharmacological measures include a healthy diet (Mediterranean or vegetarian), regular physical activity (150 minutes per week), smoking cessation, and weight loss. A low-salt diet (less than 5 g of salt per day) is also recommended. The latest KDIGOs advise a protein intake of 0.8 g/kg/day, with a potential reduction for some non-diabetic patients. Concerning drug-based therapies, renin-angiotensin system inhibitors remain crucial, particularly for patients with pathological albuminuria. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors are becoming a key pillar of nephroprotection, even in non-diabetic patients. Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists like finerenone and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists further enhance therapeutic options, especially in diabetic nephropathy. Finally, contrary to previous assumptions, reducing uric acid and systematically correcting acidosis are not considered as nephroprotective measures.