Transcriptomic analysis of mammary gland tissues in lactating and non-lactating dairy goats reveals miRNA-mediated regulation of lactation, involution, and remodeling.

IF 4.6 2区 生物学 Q2 CELL BIOLOGY
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology Pub Date : 2025-05-30 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fcell.2025.1604855
Yanan Peng, Xinhua Duan, Linfan Zhang, Yiyi Guo, Jinlin Cao, Weiping Ao, Rong Xuan
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Dynamic changes in the mammary gland during lactation and the dry period involve proliferation, secretion, apoptosis, and remodeling of mammary epithelial cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are recognized as critical regulators of mammary gland development and lactation. However, their expression patterns and regulatory mechanisms at different lactation stages-particularly during mammary involution and remodeling-remain poorly understood in dairy goats.

Methods: In this study, high-throughput sequencing was employed to analyze miRNA expression profiles in goat mammary tissues at five key stages: late gestation (LG), early lactation (EL), peak lactation (PL), late lactation (LL), and the dry period (DP). Differential expression analysis, miRNA clustering, Gene Ontology (GO) annotation, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment were performed to predict the functions of target genes. A miRNA-mRNA regulatory network associated with mammary gland development was constructed, and functional validation experiments were conducted to confirm key regulatory relationships.

Results: A total of 1,120 miRNAs were identified, including 408 known and 712 newly predicted miRNAs. Among them, 383 were significantly differentially expressed, with the largest number observed between the dry period and late gestation. Six expression-specific miRNA clusters were identified. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that these miRNAs may regulate epithelial cell proliferation, apoptosis, and tissue remodeling by targeting pathways such as energy metabolism, cell adhesion, and the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. IGF1R was identified as a key regulatory gene in the miRNA-mRNA network related to mammary gland development. Experimental validation showed that chi-miR-423-3p inhibited mammary epithelial cell proliferation, induced G1/S cell cycle arrest, and promoted apoptosis by targeting IGF1R and suppressing the PI3K/Akt pathway.

Conclusion: This study highlights the dynamic regulatory roles of miRNAs in the goat mammary gland across lactation stages. Notably, the miR-423-3p/IGF1R axis is a key regulator of mammary remodeling during the dry period, offering new insights into the molecular basis of mammary gland functional transitions.

对泌乳山羊和非泌乳山羊乳腺组织的转录组学分析揭示了mirna介导的泌乳、退化和重塑的调控。
背景:乳腺在哺乳期和干燥期的动态变化涉及乳腺上皮细胞的增殖、分泌、凋亡和重塑。MicroRNAs (miRNAs)被认为是乳腺发育和哺乳的关键调节因子。然而,他们的表达模式和调控机制在不同的哺乳阶段,特别是在乳房内化和重塑,奶山羊仍然知之甚少。方法:本研究采用高通量测序技术,分析山羊乳腺组织在妊娠晚期(LG)、泌乳早期(EL)、泌乳高峰(PL)、泌乳晚期(LL)和干燥期(DP)五个关键阶段的miRNA表达谱。通过差异表达分析、miRNA聚类、基因本体(GO)注释和京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)途径富集来预测目标基因的功能。构建与乳腺发育相关的miRNA-mRNA调控网络,并进行功能验证实验,确认关键调控关系。结果:共鉴定出1120个mirna,包括408个已知mirna和712个新预测mirna。其中,383个表达量呈显著差异,其中干期和妊娠后期表达量最大。鉴定出6个表达特异性miRNA簇。功能富集分析表明,这些mirna可能通过靶向能量代谢、细胞粘附、PI3K/Akt信号通路等途径调控上皮细胞增殖、凋亡和组织重塑。IGF1R被确定为与乳腺发育相关的miRNA-mRNA网络中的关键调控基因。实验验证表明,chi-miR-423-3p通过靶向IGF1R,抑制PI3K/Akt通路,抑制乳腺上皮细胞增殖,诱导G1/S细胞周期阻滞,促进细胞凋亡。结论:本研究揭示了mirna在山羊乳腺泌乳期的动态调控作用。值得注意的是,miR-423-3p/IGF1R轴是干燥期乳腺重塑的关键调节因子,为乳腺功能转变的分子基础提供了新的见解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Cell Biology
CiteScore
9.70
自引率
3.60%
发文量
2531
审稿时长
12 weeks
期刊介绍: Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology is a broad-scope, interdisciplinary open-access journal, focusing on the fundamental processes of life, led by Prof Amanda Fisher and supported by a geographically diverse, high-quality editorial board. The journal welcomes submissions on a wide spectrum of cell and developmental biology, covering intracellular and extracellular dynamics, with sections focusing on signaling, adhesion, migration, cell death and survival and membrane trafficking. Additionally, the journal offers sections dedicated to the cutting edge of fundamental and translational research in molecular medicine and stem cell biology. With a collaborative, rigorous and transparent peer-review, the journal produces the highest scientific quality in both fundamental and applied research, and advanced article level metrics measure the real-time impact and influence of each publication.
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