{"title":"Characterization of Superoxide Dismutase in the Metacestode of Echinococcus granulosus Sensu Stricto (s. s.) and Buffalo Liver.","authors":"Humera Aslam, Monika Rani, Malik Irshadullah","doi":"10.1007/s11686-025-01081-4","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The present study assessed the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the metacestode of Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto (s. s.) as well as in the liver of Indian water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>SOD activity was analyzed by the pyrogallol autoxidation assay and electrophoretic fractionation by native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, followed by specific staining of the enzyme. Besides this, metallic co-factor of SOD was determined using different concentrations of inhibitors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The protoscoleces and cyst wall have appreciable amount of SOD, and the level of SOD was found to be significantly (p ≤ 0.001) higher in the fertile compared to non-fertile cyst wall and the infected than non-infected liver. Four SOD activity bands were observed in the protoscoleces, while one band each in the fertile and non-fertile cyst wall, suggesting the occurrence of isozymes in the protoscoleces but not in the cyst wall. Approximately 99% and 16% of enzyme activity were inhibited at 5 mM concentration of KCN and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, respectively. Furthermore, no activity band of SOD was detected in the gels treated with 5 mM KCN whereas, the same concentration of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and NaN<sub>3</sub> does not affect the visibility of SOD activity band.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study indicated that the protoscoleces and cyst wall contain a significant amount of SOD, which likely contributes to their survival within the hostile microenvironment of the host. Inhibition studies revealed the presence of Cu/Zn SOD in the protoscoleces, cyst wall, and host liver. The elevated SOD levels in infected liver may be a protective adaptation against self-generated reactive oxygen species (ROS).</p>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":"70 4","pages":"137"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Acta Parasitologica","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11686-025-01081-4","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"PARASITOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Purpose: The present study assessed the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the metacestode of Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto (s. s.) as well as in the liver of Indian water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis).
Methods: SOD activity was analyzed by the pyrogallol autoxidation assay and electrophoretic fractionation by native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, followed by specific staining of the enzyme. Besides this, metallic co-factor of SOD was determined using different concentrations of inhibitors.
Results: The protoscoleces and cyst wall have appreciable amount of SOD, and the level of SOD was found to be significantly (p ≤ 0.001) higher in the fertile compared to non-fertile cyst wall and the infected than non-infected liver. Four SOD activity bands were observed in the protoscoleces, while one band each in the fertile and non-fertile cyst wall, suggesting the occurrence of isozymes in the protoscoleces but not in the cyst wall. Approximately 99% and 16% of enzyme activity were inhibited at 5 mM concentration of KCN and H2O2, respectively. Furthermore, no activity band of SOD was detected in the gels treated with 5 mM KCN whereas, the same concentration of H2O2 and NaN3 does not affect the visibility of SOD activity band.
Conclusion: The present study indicated that the protoscoleces and cyst wall contain a significant amount of SOD, which likely contributes to their survival within the hostile microenvironment of the host. Inhibition studies revealed the presence of Cu/Zn SOD in the protoscoleces, cyst wall, and host liver. The elevated SOD levels in infected liver may be a protective adaptation against self-generated reactive oxygen species (ROS).
期刊介绍:
Acta Parasitologica is an international journal covering the latest advances in the subject.
Acta Parasitologica publishes original papers on all aspects of parasitology and host-parasite relationships, including the latest discoveries in biochemical and molecular biology of parasites, their physiology, morphology, taxonomy and ecology, as well as original research papers on immunology, pathology, and epidemiology of parasitic diseases in the context of medical, veterinary and biological sciences. The journal also publishes short research notes, invited review articles, book reviews.
The journal was founded in 1953 as "Acta Parasitologica Polonica" by the Polish Parasitological Society and since 1954 has been published by W. Stefanski Institute of Parasitology of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw. Since 1992 in has appeared as Acta Parasitologica in four issues per year.