In Situ Analysis for Protein Corona: from Morphology, Composition, Structure to Dynamic Process.

IF 10.7 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI:10.1002/smtd.202500348

Shengtao Yu, Didar Baimanov, Zhenzhen Guo, Qing Gao, Chunying Chen, Mateus Borba Cardoso, Liming Wang

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Abstract

The formation of a protein corona (PC) on the surface of nanoparticles (NPs) in biological environments is a critical factor influencing the fate and functionality of NPs in vivo. This biolayer affects NPs' biodistribution, immune recognition, cellular uptake, and therapeutic efficacy, making it essential for the rational design of nanomedicines. However, traditional analytical techniques often disrupt the native state of the PC, particularly its loosely bound soft corona (SC), leading to incomplete characterizations. In situ analysis methods offer a more accurate representation of PC composition, structure, and dynamics by preserving its native biological context. This review highlights critical advances in in situ PC analysis techniques, including methods for composition identification, structural visualization, and monitoring the dynamic evolution of the PC. It emphasizes the importance of real-time, non-disruptive analysis to better understand the nano-bio interface and its implications for nanomedicine design and safety. Additionally, it discusses challenges in current PC analysis methodologies and proposes future research directions to improve in situ characterization accuracy and standardization.

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蛋白质电晕的原位分析：从形态、组成、结构到动态过程。

生物环境下纳米颗粒（NPs）表面蛋白冠（PC）的形成是影响NPs在体内命运和功能的关键因素。该生物层影响NPs的生物分布、免疫识别、细胞摄取和治疗效果，对纳米药物的合理设计至关重要。然而，传统的分析技术经常破坏PC的原生状态，特别是其松散结合的软电晕（SC），导致不完整的表征。原位分析方法通过保存其原生生物环境，提供了更准确的PC组成、结构和动力学表征。本文综述了原位PC分析技术的关键进展，包括成分鉴定、结构可视化和监测PC动态演变的方法。它强调了实时、非破坏性分析的重要性，以更好地理解纳米生物界面及其对纳米药物设计和安全的影响。此外，讨论了当前PC分析方法面临的挑战，并提出了提高原位表征准确性和标准化的未来研究方向。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Small Methods Materials Science-General Materials Science

CiteScore

17.40

自引率

1.60%

发文量

347

期刊介绍： Small Methods is a multidisciplinary journal that publishes groundbreaking research on methods relevant to nano- and microscale research. It welcomes contributions from the fields of materials science, biomedical science, chemistry, and physics, showcasing the latest advancements in experimental techniques. With a notable 2022 Impact Factor of 12.4 (Journal Citation Reports, Clarivate Analytics, 2023), Small Methods is recognized for its significant impact on the scientific community. The online ISSN for Small Methods is 2366-9608.