Bone Diseases as Indicators of Animal Health in the Early Modern Age Assemblage From the Castle of Dombóvár-Gólyavár in Context With Other Coeval Cases From Hungary

IF 1.1 3区 历史学 Q2 ANTHROPOLOGY
Erika Gál, Adrián Berta
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

In this paper, we present 13 pathologically changed animal bones from cattle, caprines, pig, and domestic chicken, which were recognized among 1341 identifiable remains in the recently studied late medieval (first part of the 16th century) and Ottoman and Post-Ottoman Period (from the second part of the 16th to the beginning of the 18th century) assemblages found in the castle of Dombóvár-Gólyavár in Southern Hungary, a site turned from an aristocratic residence into a Turkish fortress by the Ottoman occupation. The pig remains with anomalies represent important findings since the eating of pork was minimal or avoided at the places inhabited by Muslims.

The pathologically changed bones were studied macroscopically and microscopically alike. Healed fractures represented the most frequent type of lesions, suggesting that animals were cared for either to achieve the optimal size for slaughter (e.g., cattle and pigs) or for secondary exploitation such as cockfighting. Other diseases such as uneven tooth wear, arthropathy, nonspecific infection, and bowed bones occurred sporadically in the bone material. A bone from caprines reflected age-related disorder, a result which was consistent with the age structure of sheep and goats suggesting the exploitation of these small ruminants for a longer time than cattle and pig.

Our results were interpreted within the context of other coeval bone materials originating from both Buda, the former capital of Hungary, and fortifications located in the northern and southern periphery of the country alike. They indicated that certain features such as the age and sex of animals, the species composition of the assemblages, as well as the rank and location of sites, might greatly define the frequency and nature of displayed lesions on the animal remains.

骨骼疾病作为早期现代动物健康的指标,来自Dombóvár-Gólyavár城堡与匈牙利其他同时期病例的背景
在本文中,我们展示了13块病理变化的动物骨头,分别来自牛、山羊、猪和家鸡,这些骨头是在匈牙利南部Dombóvár-Gólyavár城堡中发现的1341块可识别的遗骸中被识别出来的,这些遗骸是在最近研究的中世纪晚期(16世纪上半叶)和奥斯曼帝国和后奥斯曼帝国时期(16世纪下半叶至18世纪初)的组合中发现的。在奥斯曼帝国的占领下,这里从贵族住所变成了土耳其堡垒。这些异常的猪遗骸代表了重要的发现,因为在穆斯林居住的地方吃猪肉很少或避免吃猪肉。对病理改变后的骨进行了宏观和微观观察。愈合的骨折是最常见的损伤类型,这表明对动物的照顾要么是为了达到屠宰(如牛和猪)的最佳尺寸,要么是为了二次利用(如斗鸡)。其他疾病如牙齿磨损不均匀、关节病、非特异性感染和弓骨偶有发生在骨材料中。来自山羊的骨头反映了与年龄相关的疾病,这一结果与绵羊和山羊的年龄结构一致,表明这些小型反刍动物的开发时间比牛和猪长。我们的研究结果在来自匈牙利前首都布达和该国北部和南部外围的防御工事的其他同时期骨骼材料的背景下进行了解释。他们指出,某些特征,如动物的年龄和性别,组合的物种组成,以及地点的等级和位置,可能在很大程度上决定了动物遗骸上显示病变的频率和性质。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.40
自引率
10.00%
发文量
105
期刊介绍: The aim of the International Journal of Osteoarchaeology is to provide a forum for the publication of papers dealing with all aspects of the study of human and animal bones from archaeological contexts. The journal will publish original papers dealing with human or animal bone research from any area of the world. It will also publish short papers which give important preliminary observations from work in progress and it will publish book reviews. All papers will be subject to peer review. The journal will be aimed principally towards all those with a professional interest in the study of human and animal bones. This includes archaeologists, anthropologists, human and animal bone specialists, palaeopathologists and medical historians.
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