Cascading floods in multi-level levee protection areas: Case studies of Dongting lake bursting

IF 4.7 2区地球科学 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Journal of Hydrology-Regional Studies Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI:10.1016/j.ejrh.2025.102495

W.J. Lu , R.C. Jiang , J.H. Li , L.M. Zhang , J. He , M. Peng , X. Li

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Study region

Dongting Lake reservoir, the middle reach of Yangtze River, China.

Study focus

This paper aims to develop an efficient numerical approach to simulate the entire process of cascading failure in multi-level levees, coupling the multi-level breaches with the multi-level flooding. Two notable cases in 1996 and 2024 in the study region are taken as case studies to reveal the hazard amplification effects from cascading levee failure, quantify the buffering effect of multi-level levees, and assess the effectiveness of the mitigation measures during emergency rescue.

New hydrological insights for the region

Comparing with the single levee breach in 2024, the primary reason for the 2-level cascading levee failure in 1996 was the continuous rise in water level in Dongting Lake after breach #1, which accelerated the breach expansion and hastened the flood routing process. The second-level levee failure triggers subsequent erosion and expansion of breach #1, resulting in a 2-times increase in the breach length and a stronger destructive power of the second-level flood. Considering the mitigation measures based on four scenarios, the prompt sealing of breach #1 effectively decreases the length of breach #2 by 2/3 and lowers the maximum inundation rate by 1/3. The timely reinforcement of the second-level levee can prevent or delay the cascading failure of multi-level levees, providing window periods for emergency rescue.

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多层堤防保护区的级联洪水——以洞庭湖决口为例

研究区域：长江中游洞庭湖水库。本文旨在建立一种有效的数值方法来模拟多层次堤坝级联破坏的整个过程，并将多层次溃口与多层次洪水耦合在一起。以研究区1996年和2024年的两个显著案例为例，揭示了级联堤防溃决的危害放大效应，量化了多层堤防的缓冲效应，评价了应急救援中减灾措施的有效性。与2024年的单一决口相比，1996年洞庭湖二级级联溃决的主要原因是1号决口后洞庭湖水位持续上升，加速了决口扩展，加速了洪水走向过程。二级堤破坏引发1号溃决口后续侵蚀扩展，溃决口长度增加2倍，二级洪水破坏力更强。考虑四种情况下的缓解措施，及时封堵1号决口可有效减少2号决口长度2/3，最大淹没速率降低1/3。及时对二级堤防进行加固，可以防止或延缓多级堤防的级联破坏，为应急救援提供窗口期。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Hydrology-Regional Studies Earth and Planetary Sciences-Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)

CiteScore

6.70

自引率

8.50%

发文量

284

审稿时长

60 days

期刊介绍： Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies publishes original research papers enhancing the science of hydrology and aiming at region-specific problems, past and future conditions, analysis, review and solutions. The journal particularly welcomes research papers that deliver new insights into region-specific hydrological processes and responses to changing conditions, as well as contributions that incorporate interdisciplinarity and translational science.