Eco-friendly synthesis of selenium nanoparticles using Cuminum cyminum L extract: Evaluating their cytotoxicity, antimicrobial properties, and photocatalytic efficiency

IF 2.9 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Open Ceramics Pub Date : 2025-06-07 DOI:10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100809

Fatemeh Nazarzadeh , Saied Navabpour , Zahra Sabouri , Majid Darroudi

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Abstract

In this study, selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) were synthesized through a sustainable and eco-friendly method utilizing Cuminum cyminum L. (cumin) extract. The bioactive compounds in the extract act as natural reducing agents and stabilizers. The morphological, optical, and functional attributes of Se-NPs were analyzed with a focus on their photocatalytic applications, cytotoxicity, and antimicrobial activities. UV–Vis, XRD, and TEM analyses confirmed that Se-NPs were mainly amorphous with a spherical shape. The photocatalytic evaluation showed that Se-NPs effectively degraded organic dyes when exposed to UV light, highlighting their potential for environmental purification. The MTT assay evaluated the potential cytotoxicity of Se-NPs toward the cancerous CT26 cells and showed targeted anticancer activity with an IC₅₀ value of 309.9 µg/mL after 48 h. The agar diffusion approach was used to study the bactericidal effects of Se-NPs against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus; the appearance of clear inhibitory zones confirmed the antimicrobial properties of Se-NPs.

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利用Cuminum cyminum L提取物环保合成纳米硒：评估其细胞毒性、抗菌性能和光催化效率

本研究以孜然提取物为原料，采用可持续环保的方法合成了硒纳米粒子。提取物中的生物活性成分是天然的还原剂和稳定剂。分析了Se-NPs的形态、光学和功能属性，重点研究了它们的光催化应用、细胞毒性和抗菌活性。UV-Vis， XRD和TEM分析证实Se-NPs主要为球形非晶态。光催化评价表明，Se-NPs在紫外光照射下能有效降解有机染料，突出了其环境净化潜力。MTT法检测了Se-NPs对CT26癌细胞的潜在细胞毒性，48 h后的IC50值为309.9µg/mL。采用琼脂扩散法研究了Se-NPs对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的杀菌作用；清晰的抑菌带的出现证实了Se-NPs的抗菌性能。

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